© 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Please note that the copyright for the original figures submitted by the contributors is owned by Contributors. Introduction Chordomas are rare primary bony tumors that arise from embryonic remnants of the notochord. They…
Summary of Key Points Rigid deformities require an osteotomy to rebalance the spine. Mild sagittal plane deformity with mobile discs can be treated with posterior column osteotomies. Severe, rigid sagittal and coronal plane deformities require three-column osteotomies to restore spinal…
Summary of Key Points Moderate to severe adult cervical deformity has a significant impact on disability and quality of life. Surgical correction of cervical spine deformities can be technically challenging, especially for rigid cases. Correction of adult cervical deformity improves…
Summary of Key Points Posterior cervical instrumentation is effective in stabilizing the subaxial cervical spine. Acceptable choices of instrumentation include lateral mass screw fixation and cervical pedicle screws. Careful preoperative planning with an understanding of patient-specific anatomy and instrumentation options…