Introduction Each of us follows well-established patterns as we go about our daily lives, and in turn we interact with our world through the recognition of patterns: in the people we know, the places we live, and the structures that…
Carcinoma of the lung is the second most common cancer worldwide (over 2 million new cases in 2020) and is the number one cause of cancer death, at 1.8 million worldwide in 2020. , Owing to this frequency, lung specimens,…
The recent publications of the 4th edition of the World Health Organization (WHO) Classification of Tumors of the Haematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues and the 5th Edition of the WHO Classification of Thoracic Tumors provide the most up to date diagnostic…
Diffuse or interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) include a spectrum of primarily nonneoplastic inflammatory conditions that share the common property of multilobar (but not necessarily complete) involvement of the lung parenchyma. The term ILD has become so thoroughly entrenched across multiple…
Histologic patterns of lung infection Infectious pathology can result in a variety of basic patterns of pulmonary pathology including acute lung injury, alveolar filling, cellular infiltrates, nodules, and fibrosis in order of decreasing frequency ( Table 7.1 ). Acute lung…
Practical approach to the differential diagnosis of acute lung injury for pathologists The basic elements of the acute lung injury pattern include interstitial edema, alveolar edema, fibrin, hyaline membranes, reactive pneumocytes, and organization (see Box 6.2 and Fig. 6.1 A–C).…
Optimal specimen handling is essential for the accurate interpretation of biopsies and cytologic preparations obtained in the course of evaluating the patient with lung disease. The limited number of sampling techniques available can be divided into three general categories: bronchoscopy,…
Development and gross anatomy Airway development During early embryogenesis (at approximately day 21 after fertilization), the lungs begin as a groove in the ventral floor of the foregut ( Fig. 1.1 ). This foregut depression becomes a diverticulum of endoderm,…