Definition Germ cell tumor (GCT) composed of uniform malignant cells with clear cytoplasm and large round nuclei that are considered the neoplastic counterparts of the primordial germ cells (or gonocytes) during early embryonic development Clinical features Epidemiology Patient mean age,…
Definition Postpubertal children or adults who have undergone normal pubertal development show testicular regression due to deficiency of gonadotropins, including luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH). Clinical features You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for…
Definition Anatomy Located within the scrotum, connected to the spermatic cord The scrotal wall consists of skin, dartos muscle, Colles fascia, and tunica vaginalis (parietal). Mean weight: 21.6 g for the right testis and 20.0 g for the left Mean…
Definition A renal tumor derived from nephrogenic blastemal cells that recapitulate the histology of the developing kidney at various stages with divergent patterns of differentiation; also known as nephroblastoma Clinical features Epidemiology Affects 1/8000 to 1/10,000 children, with no sex…
Definition An indolent variant of renal cell neoplasm consists of tubular and papillary structures lined by bland clear cells with a distinct immunophenotype Clinical features Epidemiology Accounts for 1%–4% of all renal tumors Mean patient age, 60 years (range, 18–88…
Definition An acquired cystic lesion with fluid collection in the kidney; may originate from diverticula of the distal renal tubules or collecting ducts. Clinical features You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited…
Overview Bladder cancers are heterogeneous at the molecular level with two distinct oncogenic pathways. Recent genomic and molecular studies have been focused on muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). Molecular classification based on genetic and molecular alterations characterized by multiple platforms…
Definition Urothelial carcinoma shows focal or extensive areas of keratin production or intercellular bridge formation. Clinical features You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member.…
Definition An exophytic reactive lesion forming broad-based polypoid or finger-like papillary structures Clinical features You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here
Definition Urothelial carcinoma involves the prostatic tissue, including primary tumor arising from the prostatic urethra and ducts, and secondary involvement by bladder cancer. Clinical features You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited…