Overview Duodenal adenocarcinoma (DA) is a rare malignancy that accounts for less than 1% of all gastrointestinal (GI) cancers and occurs at a rate of less than 6 cases per million person years. In 2018 it was estimated that within…
Clinical presentation Pancreatic adenocarcinoma, or pancreas cancer, is one of the most lethal malignancies. While a relatively uncommon cancer, ranking 8th among cancer types in women and 10th in men, it is among the most common causes of cancer death…
Overview The pancreas, an organ located in the retroperitoneum, has both exocrine and endocrine functions. The exocrine pancreas is composed of duct cells and acinar cells that produce enzymes needed to break down carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids, thus promoting digestion.…
Introduction Cystic neoplasms of the pancreas have become a well-defined radiographic entity during the last decade. With the increasing use of cross-sectional imaging, the better quality of imaging modalities, and the aging population, the diagnosis rate has increased to an…
Tumors of the pancreatic duct or ductal-related origin Pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia Pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) is a noninvasive lesion confined to the pancreatic ducts and observed only microscopically (<0.5 cm). The mucin-containing duct epithelium exhibits a spectrum of architectural and…
Background Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is characterized by a progressive inflammatory process, the etiologies of which vary depending on geographic and sociocultural circumstances. Therefore incidence and prevalence of CP differs between the respective regions, which has been shown in studies that…
Pancreatitis, marked by inflammation of the pancreatic parenchyma and injury to the acinar cells, has been traditionally divided into categories of acute or chronic (see Chapter 54, Chapter 55, Chapter 56 and 58 ). Initial attempts to distinguish acute from…
Acute pancreatitis Acute pancreatitis (AP) is common with an incidence of 15 to 45 per 100,000 population per year. This has increased over the last two decades largely because of a rising prevalence of obesity and gallstone disease. Recurrent AP…
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an inflammatory condition of the pancreas that can lead to injury or destruction of acinar components and is clinically characterized by abdominal pain and elevated blood levels of pancreatic enzymes. The clinical spectrum is as diverse…
Overview Despite five international consensus meetings over the last 40 years, the definition and classification of pancreatitis (see Chapter 55, Chapter 56, Chapter 57, Chapter 58 ) continues to evolve. The main reason is the actual difficulty, in contrast to…