The entity common to simple cysts and polycystic liver disease (PCLD) is a malformation, lined by a nonatypical biliary-type epithelium that does not communicate with the biliary tree. This differentiates these diseases from hydatid cysts (see Chapter 72 ), cystic…
Introduction Hydatid disease, or cystic echinococcosis (CE), is a worldwide parasitic zoonosis, caused by the larval stages of the metacestode Echinococcus granulosus . Three more species of Echinococcus of public health concern have been recognized: Echinococcus multilocularis, causing alveolar echinococcosis,…
Amebic liver abscess History The earliest report of amebiasis is probably the Sanskrit document Brigu-samhita, written about 3000 bce , referring to bloody mucoid diarrhea. Assyrian and Babylonian texts refer to blood in the feces, suggesting the presence of amebiasis…
Overview Pyogenic liver abscess (PLA) may be solitary or multiple collections of pus within the liver, the result of bacterial infection. PLA causes significant morbidity, mortality, and increased consumption of healthcare resources. PLA represents the most common visceral abscess, with…
Fatty liver disease (FLD), comprising hepatic steatosis or steatohepatitis with or without associated fibrosis, and hepatic sinusoidal injury (SI) are emerging challenges at the forefront of hepatobiliary surgery. Because of the high prevalence of metabolic syndrome elements (hypertension, diabetes mellitus,…
Surgery in the patient with chronic hepatitis can create multiple dilemmas in the preoperative, perioperative, and postoperative phases. Preoperatively, assessment of the stability of the patient’s liver disease can be crucial in decisions regarding a surgical procedure (see Chapter 4…
Introduction Pancreatic and periampullary tumors are a common cause of cancer death, with rising incidence in the Western world. In 2018 the incidence of pancreatic cancer in the United States (US) was 13.7 per 100,000 persons, compared with 11.6 per…
Adjuvant chemoradiotherapy Early studies examining the role of external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) combined with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) as a radio-sensitizing agent in advanced, unresectable, pancreatic adenocarcinoma identified increased median survival over radiotherapy alone. , One study published in 1979 by the…
Introduction Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) represent a group of heterogenous neoplasms that originate from the diffuse neuroendocrine cell system, most commonly arising in the lung or gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Although NETs represent a rarer group of neoplasms, NET incidence and prevalence…
Introduction The pancreas is a rare site of distant metastasis. In 1950 in an autopsy study, Abrams et al. were one of the first to highlight the pancreas as a potential site for metastatic spread. Overall, these metastatic lesions constitute…