Overview Only 10% of malignant liver tumors are primary liver or bile duct cancers. The vast majority of cancerous hepatic lesions are metastatic lesions originating from extrahepatic primary tumors (see Chapters 90 and 91 ). The only potentially curative approach…
Overview The liver is the most common site of metastasis for all neuroendocrine neoplasms and second only to regional lymph nodes as the dominant site of metastases from all gastrointestinal (GI) tract malignancies. In patients with neuroendocrine liver metastases (NELMs)…
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. CRC spreads via two main mechanisms: cancer cells can metastasize to regional lymph nodes and then through central lymphatics into the systemic circulation, or cancer cells can spread…
Overview Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver tumor and results in approximately 800,000 deaths globally per year. Worldwide, liver tumors represent the fourth leading cause of cancer death and the sixth most common neoplasia. Its incidence presents…
Overview The vast majority of nonparasitic cystic lesions of the liver are simple cysts. They are unilocular, do not communicate with the biliary tree, have a serous content, and although the epithelium does divide to account for volume expansion, they…
The widespread use of medical imaging (see Chapter 14 ), such as hepatic ultrasonography (US), computed tomography (CT) scan, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), has led to the increased detection of asymptomatic tumors. In the absence of underlying chronic liver…
Liver tumors encompass a large spectrum of benign and malignant neoplasms, both primary and metastatic. In addition, a variety of nonneoplastic tumor-like masses deserve attention because they can simulate neoplasms. Despite the major advances in imaging procedures, the definitive diagnosis…
Among the etiologies of portal hypertension, those caused by postsinusoidal obstruction are seen infrequently by most clinicians. Nonetheless, these disease processes represent complex clinical challenges and require a thorough knowledge of the available diagnostic and treatment modalities. Included in this…
Introduction Besides the well-established role of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) in the treatment of portal hypertension, additional indications in noncirrhotic, presurgical, and oncologic patients, as well as portal vein thrombosis, have evolved over the past several years. In presurgical…
Introduction Surgical shunts for portal hypertension and variceal bleeding are rarely undertaken today, making this chapter either irrelevant or more important than ever. I believe the latter. The decline in surgical shunting is generally a consequence of the perceived outcomes…