Cystic Disease of the Liver INTRODUCTION Cysts of the liver are a common phenomenon and occur in approximately 5% to 20% of adults. They are sporadic and largely not associated with familial syndromes. Most cysts of the liver are simple…
Management of Hemorrhoids Ariane M. Abcarian, MD Herand Abcarian, MD INTRODUCTION Hemorrhoids are specialized vascular cushions in the anal canal or at the anal verge. These cushions are composed of blood vessels, connective tissue, and smooth muscle fibers. Hemorrhoids are a normal…
Preoperative Bowel Preparation: Is It Necessary? Anna Chudnovets, MD, Sandy Hwang Fang, MD Patients who undergo colorectal surgery for cancer and inflammatory bowel disease often have associated risk factors that impair wound healing, such as chemoradiation therapy, steroid therapy, and malnutrition. Additional…
Management of Small Bowel Obstruction Charudutt Paranjape, MD George Velmahos,, MD INTRODUCTION Small bowel obstruction (SBO) accounts for 2% to 4% of emergency department (ED) visits for abdominal pain and accounts for as many as 16% of surgical admissions and more than…
Benign Gastric Ulcer Daniel T. Dempsey, MD Benign gastric ulcer is a discrete macroscopic wound in the luminal surface of the stomach, extending into the submucosa or muscularis propria and rarely to the serosa of the organ. It is generally believed…
Esophageal Function Tests Wasay Nizam, MBBS Hamza Khan, MD Malcolm V. Brock, MD The esophagus is a muscular, tubelike structure located in the posterior mediastinum. It spans from the posterior oropharynx to the cardia of the stomach with three functional regions: the upper…
Introduction Innovation is a necessity for the art of surgery. It can be defined as the practical implementation of ideas that result in new services or the improvement of existing services. Innovation has been a key driver for continued improvement…
Introduction Obesity is now a global health problem, placing an enormous health burden on our society because of the medical comorbidities that are associated with it, including type II diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, steatohepatitis, obstructive sleep apnoea, arthritis of the weight-bearing…
Introduction The diagnosis and management of abdominal sepsis is one of the great challenges the general surgeon faces. Optimal patient outcome requires considered decision-making and prompt action. However, even complex cases of abdominal sepsis can be managed confidently and competently…
Introduction The global burden of disease related to trauma is immense, with more than 1.5 million deaths each year due to violence, 1.25 million deaths in road traffic accidents annually, and nearly 1 million children die each year because of…