Introduction and historical perspective Typical drug-induced lupus (DIL) was first reported by Morrow and coworkers in which a late onset “collagen disease” resembling systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) developed in 17 out of 211 hydralazine-treated patients and by Dustan and coworkers…
Childhood-onset disease represents a substantial portion of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Although pathophysiology, disease manifestations, and treatment strategies are generally similar to those of adult patients, there are some unique considerations in the diagnosis and management of pediatric lupus. Epidemiology…
Definition Classification criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have been widely utilized in the study of this disease, enabling clinical trials, and new drug approvals. Although not intended to be used as diagnostic criteria, these lists of clinical and laboratory…
Introduction Fetal exposure to maternal autoantibodies transported across the human placenta via FcγRn can result in a spectrum of organ injury: transient if the tissue has regenerative capacity and permanent if this capacity is absent or limited. An important example…
Systemic lupus erythematosus—A manual Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a disease of reproductive aged women; as a result, family planning issues such as fertility and pregnancy are an important component of the management of SLE patients. For many years, women…
Introduction Ocular involvement is common in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), with around one-third of patients being affected to some extent. Ophthalmic features are protean, with the most common complication is dry eye syndrome, which, though it may cause significant discomfort,…
Introduction Overlap syndromes are conditions in which patients have concurrent clinical manifestations of multiple distinct immune diseases. A relatively common example of an overlap syndrome is mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD), in which antismall nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP, or RNP) antibodies…
Introduction The immune dysregulation observed in lupus can damage every level of the nervous system ( Fig. 49.1 ). To complicate matters, neurological disease in lupus is not limited to direct immunological damage and can arise from comorbid disease, or as…
Introduction Many studies have shown unique cancer profiles for patients with autoimmune conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), Sjögren's syndrome, scleroderma, and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Much of the data on cancer in SLE in general, and hematologic cancers specifically,…
Introduction Infections represent a significant contributor to morbidity and mortality among patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Inherent dysfunction in innate and adaptive immune responses as well as chronic immunosuppressive treatment begets vulnerability to acute and chronic infections. Patients with…