KEY FACTS You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here
Imaging Modalities Radiography Although there have been great advances in imaging technology, radiographs (i.e., x-rays or plain films) remain the most important imaging test in most circumstances of suspected musculoskeletal pathology. Most studies will require 2-3 views to adequately image…
KEY FACTS You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here
KEY FACTS You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here
KEY FACTS Terminology Definition Spontaneous twisting of pedunculated vestigial remnant along testicle or epididymis causing ischemia & pain Synonyms Twisted appendage, torsed appendix testis, torsion of appendix epididymis, appendiceal torsion Imaging US with Doppler best imaging modality Appendage size best…
KEY FACTS Terminology Spontaneous or traumatic twisting of testis & spermatic cord within scrotum → vascular occlusion/infarction Imaging ↓ or absent blood flow in testicle on Doppler US Transverse side-by-side comparison image of asymptomatic & symptomatic testicles very helpful Spiral…
KEY FACTS Terminology Infectious inflammation of epididymis, testicle, or both Orchitis much less common than epididymoorchitis Imaging Enlargement of affected tissues (i.e., testicle, epididymis, or both) with accompanying ↑ blood flow ↑ blood flow best demonstrated on transverse side-by-side comparison…
KEY FACTS Terminology Definition: Twisting of vascular pedicle of ovary, fallopian tube, or both → venous obstruction → edema → arterial compromise → ischemia → hemorrhagic infarction Imaging Unilaterally enlarged ovary Ovarian volume > 100 mL highly suggestive of torsion…
KEY FACTS Terminology Follicle: Normal physiologic cyst < 1 cm in diameter Dominant follicle may measure up to 3 cm Functional cysts: Can measure up to 3-10 cm Corpus luteal cyst: Dominant follicle after ovulation Follicular cyst: Normal mature follicle…
KEY FACTS Terminology Synonyms Dermoid tumor, dermoid cyst, mature cystic teratoma Definition Teratomas made up of variety of parenchymal cell types from > 1 germ cell layer, usually all 3 Imaging Best clue: Heterogeneous pelvic mass containing Ca²⁺, hair, fat,…