Introduction Soft-tissue masses are frequently referred for imaging assessment. They may be benign, malignant, or non-neoplastic and all may present in a similar manner. The frequency of each type of mass is difficult to determine accurately: many patients do not…
Introduction Bone tumours can be generally divided into two groups: benign, including tumour-like lesions (see Chapter 40 ), and malignant. The malignant category can be subclassified into primary, secondary and metastatic. In common parlance the terms secondary and metastatic are…
General Characteristics of Bone Tumours Bone tumours are currently classified according to the World Health Organisation (WHO) classification of 2013 as being benign, intermediate or malignant; intermediate lesions are those that are either locally aggressive but do not metastasise (e.g.…
Introduction Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound (US) complement conventional radiography and computed tomography (CT) in allowing the radiologist to undertake detailed examinations of the soft tissues of joints including tendons, ligaments, cartilage and fibrocartilaginous structures. These structures can be…
Introduction It can be argued that imaging of the musculoskeletal system has been revolutionised by the advent of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Despite this, our armamentarium would be incomplete without plain radiographs, computed tomography (CT), ultrasound (US) and nuclear medicine.…
The Adrenal Glands With the increasing use of cross-sectional imaging, adrenal lesions are frequently identified in routine practice and are seen in up to 5% of abdominal computed tomograph (CTs). Recent lung-screening data report 2% of screening low-dose CTs demonstrate…
Introduction There has been a steady advance in the imaging and treatment of genitourinary (GU) system trauma over the past two decades. Multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) has now become the gold standard for the assessment of acute GU trauma. The…
Imaging Techniques Ultrasound (US) Transabdominal and transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS) imaging are the primary initial imaging techniques for examining the female pelvis. Indications include evaluation of a suspected pelvic mass or uterine enlargement, acute pelvic pain, investigation of postmenopausal bleeding and…
Diagnostic imaging tests are essential in the detection and staging of many gynaecological cancers. The imaging findings frequently change treatment strategies and affect our understanding of disease processes. This chapter gives a brief review of common gynaecological malignancies and outlines…
Methods of Examination There has been little evolution in methods of examination since the previous edition. Ultrasound (US) continues to be the method of choice for imaging the scrotal contents but magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) continues to play an increasing…