Figure 51.1 Soleus flap. Open full size image Introduction The soleus muscle, one of the components of the superficial posterior compartment of the leg, was used initially as a local flap, as described by Ger and later, by Mathes and…
Figure 50.1 Gastrocnemius Flap. Open full size image Introduction The gastrocnemius flap is one of the most useful flaps. Described very early, it has been proven to be easy to raise and very reliable. Typically, it can be used by…
Introduction The gracilis flap was described in 1972 by Orticochea, as a pedicled myocutaneous flap, and the first cases included a penile reconstruction and one of calcaneal soft tissue coverage. It was one of the first myocutaneous flaps described in…
Figure 48.1 Sural flap. Open full size image Introduction “It is not uncommon to find split skin grafts applied to an ulcer bed as the sole method of treatment. This can be successful, but failure is a common end result…
Figure 47.1 Radial forearm flap. Open full size image Introduction Drs. Yang and Gao of the Shenyang Military Hospital initially introduced the radial forearm flap, often called the “Chinese flap.” Cadaveric studies performed in 1978 identified this flap and subsequent…
Figure 46.1 Lateral arm flap. Open full size image Introduction The lateral arm flap (LAF) is a reliable septofasciocutaneous flap for local and free tissue transfer. Song et al. in 1982, Cormack and Lamberty in 1983, and Katsaros et al. in 1984…
Introduction This chapter covers a selection of pedicled flaps commonly used for soft tissue coverage of the hand. Several are based on primary vessel pedicles (Moberg flap, posterior interosseous artery flap, and homodigital island flaps), whereas others are based on…
Introduction The gluteus maximus (GM) flap was initially described as a turnover muscle flap for sacral coverage, in 1974. During the following years, musculocutaneous GM flaps became the gold standard in the treatment of pressure ulcers because of their ability…
Figure 43.1 Groin flap and superficial circumflex iliac artery perforator flap. Open full size image Introduction The groin flap, nourished by the superficial circumflex iliac artery (SCIA), is historically important because it was the first successful free flap. With its…
Figure 42.1 Iliac flap. Open full size image Introduction The iliac crest provides a good source of bone and is universally accepted as a donor site for non-vascularized grafts. Its role as a vascularized graft for head and neck reconstruction…