Synopsis ■ Rheumatoid arthritis is a systemic autoimmune inflammatory disease that affects the joints of the hand and wrist. Rheumatoid arthritis also affects the soft tissues and can cause disease processes such as trigger finger and carpal tunnel syndrome. ■…
Synopsis ■ Osteoarthritis is characterized by a loss of articular cartilage. ■ The development of osteoarthritis is a dynamic process that represents an imbalance between destruction and repair of the articular cartilage. It can result from trauma, such as an…
Access video content for this chapter online at Elsevier eBooks+ Basic science and disease process Dupuytren’s disease (DD) is a primary fibroproliferative disorder of the palmar and digital fasciae of the hand. A similar disease process known as Ledderhose and…
Synopsis ■ Benign and malignant tumors of the hand arise from distinct tissue types. ■ The majority of these tumors are benign. ■ Accurate assessment, diagnosis, and treatment will optimize clinical outcomes. ■ Reconstructive procedures of the hand and upper…
Synopsis ■ Hand infections are common, with diverse etiologies. It is important to have a high index of suspicion to allow expeditious diagnosis and treatment in order to prevent morbidity and maximize outcomes. ■ A thorough understanding of hand anatomy…
Synopsis ■ Microsurgical toe-to-hand transplantation allows “like-with-like” reconstruction, achieving the best functional and aesthetic results. ■ Preservation of neurovascular bundles, flexor and extensor tendons, mobile joints, and viable skin with minimal bone shortening in the amputation stump ensures optimal functional…
Synopsis ■ Thumb reconstruction should aim to restore the cardinal thumb actions: mobility, stability, sensibility, length, and appearance. ■ Level of thumb loss is divided into thirds: distal (tip to interphalangeal joint), middle (interphalangeal joint to metacarpal neck), and proximal…
Synopsis ■ A mutilating hand injury is a severe injury with tissue loss that results in loss of prehension. ■ The goal of management is to obtain a stable wrist, with at least two opposable sensate digits and a wide…
Synopsis ■ Replantation has evolved through the development of advanced optics and microsurgical techniques. Every patient should be carefully evaluated and considered a candidate for replantation unless the patient declines or is unable to tolerate surgery. ■ The steps for…
Synopsis ■ A thorough understanding of the complex anatomy is crucial for successful treatment of extensor tendon injuries. ■ Injuries are classified into nine anatomic zones. Treatment strategies vary considerably according to the location of the lesion, ranging from splinting…