Carcinoma of the lung is the second most common cancer worldwide (over 2 million new cases in 2020) and is the number one cause of cancer death, at 1.8 million worldwide in 2020. , Owing to this frequency, lung specimens,…
The recent publications of the 4th edition of the World Health Organization (WHO) Classification of Tumors of the Haematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues and the 5th Edition of the WHO Classification of Thoracic Tumors provide the most up to date diagnostic…
Introduction Primary malignant pleuropulmonary tumors showing sarcomatoid features are exceedingly uncommon. Overwhelmingly, such lesions are epithelial in nature; neoplasms with a mesenchymal lineage in the lung and pleura are most often metastatic, arising from deep soft tissue sites or the…
Introduction and general considerations Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are grouped together based on common “neuroendocrine” morphological features and the finding of intracellular ultrastructural neurosecretory granules whose presence is detected today mainly by immunohistochemistry (IHC). There has been movement toward uniformity of…
Introduction Lung transplantation may offer a longer survival and improved quality of life to patients with end-stage lung disease. Common indications for lung transplantation are listed in Table 13.1 . Bilateral lung transplantation is the norm for cystic fibrosis and…
Introduction Pathologists may encounter pulmonary hypertension in biopsies, explanted lungs, or autopsies. Probably the most common setting is biopsies performed for the diagnosis of interstitial lung disease; in this situation recognition of pulmonary hypertension (and equally important, mimics of pulmonary…
Pulmonary vasculitis Overview of pulmonary vasculitis Inflammation of arteries and veins can occur in many inflammatory lung diseases, including infections. By convention, the diagnostic term pulmonary vasculitis is restricted to a relatively limited number of diseases in which vascular inflammation…
Three main histologic patterns of injury are encountered in the setting of airways disease; minimal change, nodules, and fibrosis. Minimal change is the classic pattern encountered in the setting of small airways disease or constrictive bronchiolitis from any etiology. In…
Diffuse or interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) include a spectrum of primarily nonneoplastic inflammatory conditions that share the common property of multilobar (but not necessarily complete) involvement of the lung parenchyma. The term ILD has become so thoroughly entrenched across multiple…
Histologic patterns of lung infection Infectious pathology can result in a variety of basic patterns of pulmonary pathology including acute lung injury, alveolar filling, cellular infiltrates, nodules, and fibrosis in order of decreasing frequency ( Table 7.1 ). Acute lung…