Introduction Hamstring injuries are common in athletic populations and can affect athletes at all levels of competition. Several studies have shown that the rates of muscle strain in high school football (12% to 24%) and collegiate football (18.9% to 22.2%)…
Posterior hip pain can be a debilitating condition, and a structured physical examination is essential for a differential diagnosis in patients with a posterior hip complaint. The examination incorporates the five levels of the hip: osseous, capsulolabral, musculotendinous, neurovascular, and…
Athletic pubalgia , or core muscle injury, is an umbrella term describing several anatomic injury patterns present in athletes with groin pain. The term sports hernia has fallen out of favor, as it is clearly a misnomer where no true…
Peritrochanteric disorders often present with hip pain that is challenging for the clinician to diagnose and treat. Recently extra-articular disorders that generate pain throughout the hemipelvis have been defined more clearly as biomechanics and anatomic relationships have become better understood.…
The iliopsoas musculotendinous unit is a powerful hip flexor that is important for normal hip strength and function; however, disorders of the iliopsoas can be a significant source of pain and disability in the athletic population. These conditions include iliopsoas…
Overview of Pathologies Hip dysplasia, or developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH), is a common cause of pain in young adults, including athletes. Hip dysplasia encompasses a wide spectrum of disease pathology, from severe dysplasia with hip subluxation/dislocation, to milder…
The concept of hip impingement was first described in the medical literature in the 19th century, and the idea that variations in hip morphology can contribute to secondary hip arthritis has been known for more than 100 years. The first…
The technique of hip arthroscopy has undergone a period of rapid evolution and growth. In its infancy, hip arthroscopy was mostly for diagnostic and limited therapeutic utility. It was “a technique looking for indications.” Now, improved understanding of intra- and…
A multitude of structural hip disorders can occur in athletes with hip pain. Although the history and physical examination play a critical role in determining the diagnosis, it is also important to have a systematic approach to help diagnose these…
Overview of Pathologies Understanding the differential diagnosis for hip pathology is necessary before collecting a history and performing a physical examination. This background allows the clinician to tease out important elements in the history to narrow the differential and provide…