Summary of Key Points Incidence The incidence of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is 1.5 in 10 5 , about 5000 cases per year in the United States; CML represents 15% of all leukemias. The prevalence of CML was 30,000 cases…
Summary of Key Points Incidence Each of the three classic BCR-ABL1 − myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs)—that is, polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocythemia (ET), and primary myelofibrosis (PMF)—are estimated to occur at the rate of 0.5 to 2.5 per 100,000 people per…
Summary of Key Points Etiology The myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a group of clonal marrow failure syndromes originating in a hematopoietic progenitor or stem cell. Approximately 25% to 30% of MDS cases eventually progress to acute myeloid leukemia (AML), which…
Summary of Key Points Incidence There were 19,950 new cases of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and 6590 new cases of acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) in the United States in 2016, resulting in 10,430 deaths from AML and 1430 from ALL.…
Summary of Key Points Incidence Malignant lymphoma, which comprises both Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), is the third most common malignancy in childhood. Among children younger than age 15 years, there is a slight predominance of NHL; HL…
Summary of Key Points Incidence Leukemia is the most common childhood cancer, accounting for 30% of cancers occurring before age 15 years and 25% before age 20 years. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) accounts for 75% to 80% of all cases…
Summary of Key Points Osteosarcoma The incidence of osteosarcoma is 5 new cases per 1 million population per year among children and adolescents (up to 19 years). Osteosarcoma is the most common bone tumor in children and adolescents. Other lytic…
Summary of Key Points Incidence Carcinoma of unknown primary is a diverse group of heterogeneous cancers that accounts for about 2% to 4% of all cancers. Evaluation There is not universal agreement on the extent of the appropriate initial evaluation…
Summary of Key Points Incidence and Epidemiology Annually, 12,390 new cases occur in the United States—fewer than 1%–2% of cancer diagnoses. No specific etiologic agent is identifiable in the majority of cases. Occasional cases are related to previous radiation, chemical…
Summary of Key Points Incidence and Epidemiology More than 3000 new cases of bone sarcoma are diagnosed annually in the United States. No specific etiologic agents are identified in the majority of cases. Secondary neoplasms are related to known oncogenic…