Introduction of technology Outcome Measurement: Present Practice and Standard of Care How outcomes are determined after spine surgery has shifted from subjective and solely physician-based to patient-centered and patient-reported. The last few decades have seen the development and systematic validation…
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Introduction Substantial technological innovation has been made in spine surgery over the last few decades. This innovation has ranged from improvement in operative techniques, surgical implants, and biologics to improved accuracy with image-guided navigation and robotics. Robotic assistance is being…
Introduction of Technology Traumatic spinal injury (TSI) may involve injury to the osseous structures, discoligamentous components, spinal cord, nerve roots of the spinal column, or a combination thereof. TSI can lead to a wide range of medical conditions, from minimal…
Intraoperative image-guided (IG) navigation and robotic assistance in spine surgery have traditionally been used to improve pedicle screw placement accuracy, decrease radiation exposure for operating room staff and patients, help surgeon ergonomics, and improve overall surgical outcomes. More recently, however,…
Introduction of Technology Present Practice and Standard of Care Pedicle screws have been placed to enhance spinal fusion since at least 1959. In that year, Boucher published a report detailing the placement of screws into the vertebral body via the…
Introduction of technology Adult Spinal Deformity: Present Practice and Standard of Care Adult spinal deformity (ASD) is a heterogeneous condition of typically the elderly patient, which involves misalignment in the sagittal and/or coronal plane. ASD can be asymptomatic or, depending…
Overview Since its emergence about 25 years ago, significant technological advancements have been made in spinal navigation and computer assisted spine surgery. Most of these advancements and the resulting wider spread adoption of the technology have occurred only more recently…
Background Present Practice There are several well-described approaches for interbody fusion, and these include posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF), transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF), lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF), and anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF). More recently, the oblique lumbar…
Introduction of Technology Spine oncology is a broad field encompassing a wide array of pathologies. The vast majority are spinal metastases arising from the vertebral body, most commonly in the thoracic (70%) or lumbar spine (30%), secondary to breast, prostate,…