Introduction Whereas teaching is something that is (passively) done to trainees, learning is something that trainees must (actively) do themselves. Because not everything that is taught is necessarily learned , programs that best facilitate skill acquisition in trainees are those…
Systematic evaluation of the quality, safety, and efficiency of clinical care has become an integral part of medical practice. Physicians, hospitals, and large health care organizations are under increasing pressure to monitor, report on, and continuously improve their services. Public…
Clinicians, especially clinicians working in the intensive care unit environment, are accustomed to a modicum of predictability. Treatment plans are generally based on years of clinical experience coupled with robust dialogue with one's colleagues. How should physicians react to the…
This chapter explores the complexity of moral problem solving in neonatal medicine. First, principles of medical ethics and key terms and concepts are defined, followed by the application of these concepts in specific moral problems that arise (1) when a…
Introduction Epidemiology is the study of health and disease and the associated causes. The role of epidemiology in neonatal-perinatal medicine is to define the prevalence and causes of illness in women and children by exploring risk factors and their associations.…
The terms neonatology and neonatologist were not in general use until the mid-1960s. In the preface to the first edition of his monograph Diseases of the Newborn , Dr. Alexander Schaffer christened the new specialty and its practitioners, asking our…
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Key Points Hearing loss is one of the most common congenital abnormalities, occurring in approximately 1.5 to 2 per 1000 newborns. Hearing loss may be present at birth or have delayed onset. A comprehensive work-up is indicated to identify if…
Key Points Early visual experience drives the architecture of the visual brain. Screening eye examinations are important in all infants, regardless of gestational age. All neonates should have an examination of the red reflex before discharge from the newborn nursery.…
Key Points Infantile hemangiomas (IHs) are the most common soft tissue tumor of infancy, with a reported incidence of 4% to 5% in mature newborns and up to 23% in extremely preterm infants. There is often parental concern regarding the…