General information Protamine, derived from salmon sperm, combines with and neutralizes heparin through an acid–base interaction. It is used to treat heparin toxicity but more commonly to reverse the effects of heparin after cardiopulmonary bypass. It is most commonly used…
General information Eicosanoids are the oxygenated metabolites of 20-carbon unsaturated fatty acids found in the phospholipids of cell membranes (Greek eikosi = 20). The eicosanoids include the prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and leukotrienes. Precursor fatty acids include arachidonic acid C20:4n − 6…
See also Aminophenazone (amidopyrine) ; Phenazone (antipyrine) General information Propyphenazone is a pyrazolone derivative that has been incorporated into many over-the-counter analgesic combinations in many countries. There is no evidence that it causes fewer adverse reactions than phenazone (antipyrine), as…
General information Propylhexedrine is a cycloalkylamine that is structurally similar to metamfetamine and causes release of dopamine, noradrenaline, and 5HT from presynaptic vesicles. However, its effects on the brain require high doses and its main action is as an α-…
See also Beta-adrenoceptor antagonists General information Propranolol is a lipophilic, non-selective, pure antagonist at beta-adrenoceptors, with membrane-stabilizing action. Organs and systems Cardiovascular An unusual dysrhythmia has been attributed to propranolol: alternating sinus rhythm with intermittent sinoatrial block. The authors suggested…
General information Propofol is a short-acting intravenous induction agent, used in general anesthesia and by infusion in intensive care units. Its rapid onset of action, short half-life, and favorable recovery characteristics make it particularly suitable for day procedures. It is…
See also Anticholinergic drugs General information Propiverine is an anticholinergic drug, used mainly for its effects on the bladder. It is effective in detrusor hyper-reflexia and in patients with symptoms of an overactive bladder. Adverse reactions effects occur in about…
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See also Neuroleptic drugs General information Propiomazine is a phenothiazine [ ], which has been used as a hypnotic [ ], as a sedative in anesthesia [ ], and in obstetric analgesia [ ]. Organs and systems You’re Reading a…
See also Anticholinergic drugs General information Propantheline is an anticholinergic drug. Oral doses are 7.5–30 mg, the latter being used at bedtime; injections of 15 mg have been used in radiology. The persisting doubt as to the incidence of adverse…