See also Cytotoxic and immunosuppressant drugs General information Procarbazine is an alkylating agent that has been used in the treatment of Hodgkin’s disease in regimens such as MOPP (chlormethine (mechlorethamine), vincristine (Oncovin), procarbazine, and prednisolone) and BEACOPP (bleomycin, etoposide, doxorubicin…
See also Anesthetics, local ; Chloroprocaine General information Procaine is an aminoester local anesthetic. It is most widely used as a component of procaine penicillin. Organs and systems You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access…
See also Acecainide General information Procainamide is a Class Ia antidysrhythmic drug with electrophysiological actions similar to those of quinidine [ ]. Adverse reactions to procainamide are predominantly on the heart. It causes reduced myocardial contractility and hypotension and prolongs…
General information Probucol is a lipid-modifying drug that is stored in fat, from which it is slowly released; it can still be detected in plasma 6 months after the end of treatment. Adverse reactions to probucol have been reviewed […
See also Prebiotics General information Probiotics are organisms or mixtures of organisms that are used to colonize the gut, preventing colonization by pathogenic organisms. They include bifidobacteria, Escherichia coli Nissle 1917, and lactobacilli. Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 Escherichia coli Nissle…
General information Probenecid is a uricosuric agent. Soreness of the gums, gastrointestinal irritation, rashes, pyrexia, and the nephrotic syndrome have been reported [ ]. Probenecid can cause drug–drug interactions, because it is an inhibitor of the renal tubular secretion of…
See also Streptogramins General information Pristinamycin is a combination of streptogramin A (pristinamycin IIA) and streptogramin B (pristinamycin IB), derived from Streptomyces pristinaespiralis [ ]. The former is a polyunsaturated macrolactone and the latter is a peptidic macrolactone or depsipeptide.…
See also Antiepileptic drugs ; Phenobarbital General information Primidone, a deoxybarbiturate, is partly metabolized to phenobarbital, which is responsible for some of its pharmacological effects in epilepsy [ ]. It has also been used to treat essential tremor [ ].…
General information The 8-aminoquinolines were the first synthetic antimalarial drugs to be introduced into medicine. Pamaquine (Plasmochin) was the first to be marketed in 1926, but primaquine proved to have the highest chemotherapeutic index of the many compounds tested. Primaquine…
General information Prilocaine is an aminoamide local anesthetic. It can be used on its own, but it is also included in the formulation known as Emla, a eutectic combination of prilocaine with lidocaine (25 mg/ml each), which is used as…