Risk 5–10% of adults over the age of 65 have vitamin B 12 or folate deficiency. Vitamin B 12 (cobalamin) deficiency is associated with a strict vegan diet, pernicious anemia, gastrectomy procedures, exposure to nitrous oxide, HIV infection, H. pylori…
Risk Structural heart disease (most commonly a chronic phase of MI); predictor of sudden cardiac death after MI. Most common cause of mortality with CHF. Cardiomyopathies, both hypertrophic and dilated, are assoc with VTach. Seen in genetic syndromes such as…
Risk VTach/VFIB are uncommon but potentially fatal dysrhythmias requiring urgent diagnosis and management. Risk increases with age owing to the higher incidence of structural and ischemic heart disease and cardiac failure. Primary cause of sudden death and accounts for 75–80%…
Risk Historically seen in 1–3% of MIs prior to era of acute revascularization. Incidence is 0.2% in current era of acute percutaneous intervention. Most occur within 1 wk of MI; 20–30% occur in first 24 h post-MI. Rarely occurs >2…
Risk Incidence: About 2–6:1000 live births. May be isolated or part of several complex malformations such as TOF. Perioperative Risks Mortality higher in older children; elevated PVR (>7 Wood units); surgery may be complicated by complete heart block. Worry About…
Risk Not all patients are symptomatic or have a prior diagnosis; 1–3% of diagnoses are made following ECG in previously asymptomatic individuals. WPW syndrome affects 0.1–0.3% of the population, is more prevalent in males, and is characterized by symptomatic arrhythmias…
Risk VFIB/VTach: Most frequent rhythm in sudden cardiac arrest and the most frequent cause of death in pts with coronary disease. Risk of VF complicating an acute MI: 4–7%; has remained unchanged for several years. 1-y mortality in survivors of…
Risk Prevalence: <10% of adults seronegative Usually contracted during childhood. Perioperative Risks Minimal additional risk to pts unless immunocompromised. Risk of infection for caregivers. Worry About Encephalitis in immunocompromised pt Potential nosocomial transmission Acyclovir-induced nephrotoxicity Transmission to pregnant woman Overview…
Risk Incidence varies; 1:1500 women for all pregnancies; 1:8400 for unscarred uteri. Incidence of rupture with prior uterine scar (i.e., cesarean, myomectomy) ranges from 0.5–2% in developed countries. Maternal mortality is between 0.1–1% of cases. Risk factors: Uterine scar (e.g.,…
Risk Higher incidence found in regions with colder climate Prevalent in all races and genders; most commonly seen between ages 10–40 y Perioperative Risks Can develop urticaria and/or angioedema with skin cooling and rewarming Systemic shock-like reactions can occur with…