Uses Prescribed for the treatment of anxiety Used for premedication and procedural (moderate and deep) sedation Perioperative Risks High levels associated with hypnosis, unconsciousness, apnea/respiratory depression Worry About Combination (synergy) with opioids and other CNS depressants may result in severe…
Uses People in USA consume 10,000–20,000 tons annually. Rx for mild and/or moderate pain, fever, arthritis, and prevention of MI. Perioperative Risks Peptic ulcer disease Plt dysfunction Increased bleeding risk Stroke Interstitial nephritis Reye syndrome Worry About Displacement of protein-bound…
Uses/Risk In a given year, 26.2% of Americans 18 y or older have some form of mental disorder. Schizophrenia has a community prevalence rate of 1%. Psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depression, and disorders with psychotic features…
Uses Preop anxiolysis, anterograde amnesia, IV sedation, IV induction of anesthesia, suppression of seizure activity, muscle relaxation Perioperative Risks Sedation Respiratory depression Apnea Airway obstruction Delayed emergence Delirium Worry About Potentiation of respiratory depression with opioids You’re Reading a Preview…
Uses AT1–receptor antagonists, or sartans, are a group of pharmaceuticals that modulate the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. Their main use is in hypertension, diabetic nephropathy, and CHF. Perioperative Risks ARBs do not inhibit ACE; they do not cause an increase in bradykinin,…
Acknowledgment The authors would like to acknowledge the contributions of Drs. Edgar J. Pierre and Faisal Huda to this chapter in the previous edition. Uses Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Weight loss Narcolepsy Recreational Perioperative Risks Possible increased requirement for volatile…
Acknowledgment The authors would like to thank Dr. Marco Caruso for his work on this chapter in the previous edition. Uses (Off-Label Uses Included) Treatment of hypertensive states (clonidine, guanfacine, guanabenz, alpha methyldopa). Sedation of mechanically ventilated pts (dexmedetomidine). Adjunct…
Uses First-line drug treatment for male lower urinary tract symptoms Treatment of primary hypertension (not as first-line therapy) Preop treatment of pheochromocytoma Emerging role in treatment of autonomic dysreflexia Occasionally used in treatment of Raynaud phenomenon Less commonly used in…
Uses Bone marrow transplants Breast and bladder cancers Lymphomas and leukemias Cancers of the lung, pancreas, and brain Ovarian and testicular cancers Multiple myeloma Sarcomas and melanomas Perioperative Risks Increased risk of infection Aspiration (subsequent to N/V) Prolonged succinylcholine action…
Uses Minor analgesic for acute and chronic pain. First-line agent in WHO analgesia treatment ladder. First-line agent in treatment of pain in pregnancy and compatible with breastfeeding. Commonly administered in combination with codeine phosphate (e.g., paracetamol 500-mg and codeine 8-mg…