Risk Incidence within USA of HSV-2 is estimated at 40–60 million (20% of sexually active adults). Approximately 536 million people (16% of population) infected worldwide, most unaware of the disease. Highest prevalence in women, African Americans, and lower socioeconomic groups.…
Risk 500,000 new cases of HSV-1 each year in USA (prevalence approximately 68%); 58% of people worldwide are seropositive. Symptoms are typically minor (malaise, myalgias, and painful vesicular oral lesions) or absent, except in immunocompromised pts. Perioperative Risks Theoretical risk…
Risk Incidence of symptomatic disc herniation is 1–2% in the general population. Most common age of presentation is during third and fourth decades of life. Smoking leads to reduced O 2 tension secondary to vasoconstriction, significant inhibition of cell proliferation…
Risk Effects vary in racial and ethnic groups, with a wide geographic distribution. Men and women affected equally. In Vermont, frequency is 1:16,500. In Europe and Japan, frequency is 1:5000–8000. Perioperative Risks Excessive bleeding Paradoxical air, bland, or septic embolism…
Risk Occurs in up to 10–32% of pts with cirrhosis. Dyspnea is present in up to 70% of cirrhotic pts for varying reasons (ascites, ILD, volume overload, anemia). Perioperative Risks Hypoxemia, often worsened on induction and post LT Aspiration Hemodynamic…
Risk Viral hepatitis accounts for more than 50% of cases of acute hepatitis in USA. Caused by infection with any of at least five distinct viruses: HAV, HBV, HCV, HDV, and HEV. Most commonly caused by HAV, HBV, or HCV.…
Risk Multiple exposures to halothane is the most important risk factor. Prior Hx of jaundice or fever after anesthesia. Females more susceptible. Obesity an important factor. Age: Halothane hepatitis is rare in pts <10 y old (3% of all cases).…
Risk In USA, 8.5% of adults met DSM-IV criteria for current alcohol use disorder; 30.3% of adults met DSM-IV criteria for lifetime alcohol use disorder. Approximately 10–15% of alcoholics will develop alcoholic hepatitis and cirrhosis. Perioperative Risks Mortality rate of…
Risk Incidence in pts with hepatic cirrhosis (about 0.1% of the population) is 50–70%. It is frequently subclinical, but can be exacerbated in the postop period by the surgical stress response, dehydration, and postop infection. HE is acutely worsened, in…
Risk Most common childhood systemic vasculitis; rare in adults. Reported annual incidence varies between 10-30 cases per 100,000 in children younger than 17 y and 3.4–14.3 cases per million in adults. Mean age of presentation is 6 y; mainly affects…