Introduction Bone is one of the most common anatomic sites for metastases, along with the lungs and liver, and metastases are the most commonly diagnosed neoplasms encountered in the skeleton. Metastases are far more frequent in bone than are primary…
Fibrous Dysplasia Clinical Features Fibrous dysplasia is a benign proliferation of fibro-osseous tissue that may be diagnosed at any age; most manifest in the second to third decades of life ( Table 24.1 ). Males and females are affected equally, and…
Introduction A variety of cystic lesions may arise within bone ( Table 23.1 ). Additionally, many neoplasms may undergo secondary cystic changes, and adequate tissue sampling is therefore essential ( Table 23.2 ). In this chapter, we will address the clinical, radiographic,…
Osteofibrous Dysplasia Clinical Features Osteofibrous dysplasia (OFD) is a benign fibro-osseous lesion characteristically occurring in children younger than 10 years, with an age range from newborn to 39 years. Most cases (95%) arise in patients younger than 15 years. Males and females are…
Notorchodal Remnants/Ecchordosis Physaliphora Definition Notochordal remnants are small deposits of notochordal tissue that fail to regress after embryogenesis. General Features The notochord is an ectodermal-derived structure present in all organisms in the phylum Chordata and, as a major regulator of…
Giant Cell Tumor of Bone Giant cell tumor of bone is a relatively common bone tumor of intermediate malignancy that typically affects the epiphysis of long bones in skeletally mature individuals. The tumor is characterized by neoplastic mononuclear cells that…
Introduction Substantial advances in the diagnosis and classification of lymphoid, myeloid, and histiocytic neoplasms have been made in recent years. Dramatic improvements in genetic techniques have led to recognition of the underlying genetic abnormalities in many of these neoplasms, opening…
The fibroblastic and fibrohistiocytic tumors of bone represent a heterogeneous group of lesions ranging from purely benign to highly malignant neoplasms. Non-ossifying fibroma at one end of the spectrum is a common and self-limiting tumor developing during childhood and usually…
Cartilage is an extracellular matrix rich in aggrecan, a proteoglycan that retains a large amount of water. The matrix consists of approximately 65% water, 15% proteoglycan, 15% collagen (predominantly type II), and less than 5% cells. Cartilage is unique in…
Introduction Bone-forming tumors of the skeletal system represent a broad spectrum of neoplasms that vary significantly in their morphology and biologic potential. They are defined as neoplasms that arise within or on the surface of a bone in which the…