Also Referred to as Maximum Surgical Blood Order Schedule (MSBOS) These guidelines present a range in numbers of units of blood to be ordered as practiced at three different institutions: University Hospital State University of New York Upstate Medical Center…
Anemia CBC with indices, reticulocyte count, and microscopic examination Microcytic: Iron studies , ∗ ferritin, ESR Normocytic: ESR, hemolysis profile Macrocytic: B 12 , folate, TSH Arterial Blood Gas pH P a co 2 O 2 saturation P a o…
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Physiologic Solutions A physiologic solution is one that contains various salts in concentrations that closely approximate the composition of fluids in the human body. The simplest of these is physiologic saline, which has the same osmotic pressure as the blood.…
Key Points Solid-tissue (predominantly epithelial cell) tumors are mainly caused by genetic lesions of three types: deletion or inactivation of tumor suppressor genes, mutation in or overexpression of oncogenes (i.e., genes encoding proteins that are vital in control of the…
Key Points As a result of the vast progress that has been made very recently in sequencing the entire human genome and in illuminating pathways that are involved in tumorigenesis, it has become clear that the malfunctioning of mutant proteins…