A diverticulum of the small bowel is a “blind” outpocket from the hollow viscus that consists of one or more layers ( Fig. 57.1 ). Incidence at autopsy ranges from 0.2% to 0.6%. Diverticula are less common in distal areas…
The yolk sac is connected to the primitive tubular gut by the vitelline (omphalomesenteric) duct in early embryonic stages and is normally obliterated about the seventh week of fetal life. Failure of the duct to disappear results in a variety…
Congenital lesions develop in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and may cause intestinal obstruction ( Fig. 55.1 ). Almost all presentations are in newborns and necessitate immediate surgery. The most common site of complete obstruction or atresia (congenital absence or closure)…
You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here
Although the small bowel is long and convoluted, imaging modalities allow its visualization ( Figs. 53.1 and 53.2 ). Barium contrast studies, computed tomography (CT) with enterography, and several forms of endoscopy (direct, wireless capsule, double balloon) are used to…
Secretin became the first gastrointestinal (GI) hormone identified in humans in 1902. Since then, a myriad of GI peptides have been identified as hormones. Most have been verified, others have not; regardless, their functions are extremely important. GI hormones act…
You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here
Topography and Structure of the Small Intestine and Terminal Ileum The small intestine consists of a retroperitoneal portion, the duodenum, and a mesenteric portion comprising the coils of the jejunum and the ileum ( Fig. 50.1 ). Given that the…
Total gastrectomy almost always results in nutritional problems ( Fig. 43.1 ). Usually performed to attempt a curative procedure for carcinoma, total gastrectomy also may be done to treat trauma. Open full size image Fig. 43.1 Effects of Total Gastrectomy.…
Complications in the postgastrectomy period occur with both open and laparoscopic surgical techniques and may occur after complete healing. These include recurrent ulceration, gastroparesis (delayed gastric emptying), afferent loop syndrome, dumping syndrome and postvagotomy diarrhea, bile reflux gastritis, and gastric…