Risk Approx 64% of pts have taken or are taking a nutraceutical agent. Incidence in USA: More than 50% take dietary supplements; a study of over 1000 outpatients found that approx 33% were using herbals at the time of surgery…
Uses Inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain stem and spinal cord. Glycine and GABA receptors may mediate the effects of inhaled anesthetics. A nonessential amino acid sold as a natural sugar substitute, a sedative, and an antacid; used to promote muscle…
Uses Ginger ranks 18th in recent herbal supplement sales. Has long been used in Ayurvedic and Chinese medicine for a wide variety of conditions including arthritis, rheumatism, constipation, indigestion, nausea, vomiting, motion sickness, and diabetes mellitus. In vivo human studies show…
Uses CHD and hypercholesterolemia. BPH and prostatitis. Gallstones. Enhances sexual activity. Prevents colon cancer. Boosts immune system. Topically for treating wounds and burns. Migraine headache, chronic fatigue syndrome, and symptoms of menopause. Asthma, allergies, bronchitis, SLE, and alopecia. Areas of…
Uses Testosterone replacement therapy Treatment of hypogonadal men Age-related sarcopenia HIV-related muscle wasting Increase in bone mineral density Prevention of age-related frailty and falls Perioperative Risks Coagulopathy Polycythemia You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access…
Risk Up to 40% of pts may be undernourished on admission to hospital, and two-thirds of all pts lose weight during hospital stay. 60% of elderly pts are malnourished at discharge. More than 376,000 people depend on TPN per year…
Risk Any pt with plasma K + concentration <5.5 mEq/L Perioperative Risks Muscle weakness and paralysis Cardiac conduction system abnormalities CV collapse: Peaked T waves (6–7 mEq/L) ST depression Prolonged P-R interval and widened QRS (10–12 mEq/L) Ventricular fibrillation or…
Risk Men approximately equal to women. Echinococcus granulosus causes cystic echinococcosis (hydatid disease) in people exposed to feces of dogs and other canids in endemic areas of nearly every continent. E. multilocularis causes alveolar echinococcus in people exposed to feces…
Risk Leading cause of childhood motor disability: 2–2.5 per 1000 live births in developed countries. Incidence has not decreased despite improved perinatal care due to increased survival in premature neonates. Cerebral palsy pts undergo surgery at higher rates due to…