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Introduction Brainstem and cerebellar arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are rare vascular lesions that represent a minority of all intracranial AVMs. Although they are often grouped together, their specific anatomic location within the posterior fossa has important clinical implications for prognosis and…
Walter Dandy at the Johns Hopkins Hospital was the first to describe an aneurysm clipping. In 1938 a patient presented to him with complete palsy of the third cranial nerve along with periorbital headaches. Through clip application, Dandy achieved complete…
Pearls Patients with iAVMs typically present after hemorrhage, seizure, or the appearance of focal neurologic deficits. Comprehensive evaluation includes CT, MRI, MR angiography, CT angiography, and digital subtraction angiography, with additional studies as required and based on location. If possible,…