Harish Ramakrishna MD FASE FACC Archives

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Extracorporeal Devices Including Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

Key Points 1. Two predominant methods of blood propulsion are used: positive displacement roller pumps and constrained vortex centrifugal-type pumps. 2. Modern heart-lung machines are equipped with a number of alarm systems and redundant backup systems to overcome primary system…

Valvular Heart Disease: Replacement and Repair

Key Points 1. Although various valvular lesions generate different physiologic changes, all valvular heart disease is characterized by abnormalities of ventricular loading. 2. The left ventricle normally compensates for increases in afterload by increases in preload. This increase in end-diastolic…