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Proton pump inhibitors
See also Individual agents
General information
Proton pump inhibitors inhibit the H + /K + -ATPase (proton pump) in oxyntic cells of the stomach, the final common pathway in the secretion of gastric acid in response to a variety of stimuli, such as gastrin and histamine. Their use in acid-related disorders has been extensively reviewed [ ].
General adverse effects and adverse reactions
The adverse reactions profile of the proton pump inhibitors during short-term administration (under 12 weeks) is similar to that reported with short-term use of histamine H 2 receptor antagonists. The type and frequency of adverse reactions to lansoprazole, omeprazole, pantoprazole, and rabeprazole are comparable. The most common adverse reactions include headache, diarrhea, nausea, abdominal pain, constipation, dizziness, and rashes. Proton pump inhibitors can interact with other drugs by increasing gastric pH, inhibiting hepatic cytochrome P450, or inducing specific isoforms of this enzyme system. However, drug–drug interactions involving these isoenzymes and omeprazole or lansoprazole are uncommon and generally appear to be clinically unimportant. Pantoprazole seems to have a lower drug–drug interaction potential than either omeprazole or lansoprazole.
Drug studies
Comparative studies
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