KEY FACTS Imaging Highly reflective, mobile and gravity-dependent intraluminal structures with posterior clean shadowing Variable size; stones < 5 mm may not shadow Contracted gallbladder (GB) full of stones may not exhibit mobility and may be mistaken for duodenal bulb Wall-echo-shadow (WES) sign: 2 echogenic, curvilinear lines separated by sonolucent line Always evaluate for biliary dilatation and signs of cholecystitis, cholangitis, or pancreatitis You’re Reading a…

TERMINOLOGY Abbreviations Extrahepatic biliary structures Gallbladder (GB) Cystic duct (CD) Right hepatic (RH) and left hepatic (LH) ducts Common hepatic duct (CHD) Common bile duct (CBD) Definitions Proximal/distal biliary tree (follows direction of flow) Proximal refers to portion of biliary tree that is closer in proximity to liver and hepatocytes Distal refers to caudal end closer to ampulla and bowel Central/peripheral Central refers to biliary ducts…

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KEY FACTS You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

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KEY FACTS Terminology Gas within portal venous system You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

KEY FACTS Terminology Budd-Chiari syndrome: Hepatic venous outflow obstruction Global or segmental obstruction of hepatic venous outflow or inferior vena cava (IVC) You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

KEY FACTS Terminology Definition: Obstruction of PV due to thrombosis You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

KEY FACTS Terminology Portal hypertension: Pressure gradient > 12 mm Hg between main portal vein (PV) and IVC &/or hepatic veins You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

KEY FACTS Terminology Shunt between main portal vein and hepatic vein created with balloon-expandable covered metallic stent You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

KEY FACTS Terminology Neoplasm of lymphoid tissues in liver You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

KEY FACTS Terminology Malignant spread of neoplasm to hepatic parenchyma You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

KEY FACTS Terminology Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) Primary malignancy of liver arising from hepatocytes Synonyms: Hepatoma, primary liver cancer You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

KEY FACTS Terminology Hepatocellular adenoma (HCA) or liver cell adenoma 2nd most frequent hepatic tumor in young women after focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

KEY FACTS Terminology Focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) Benign tumor of liver caused by hyperplastic response to localized vascular abnormality You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

KEY FACTS Terminology Benign tumor composed of dilated vascular channels lined by single layer of endothelial cells and supported by thin, fibrous stroma You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

KEY FACTS Terminology Cystic dilatation of obstructed periductal glands of bile ducts Retention cyst of peribiliary gland You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

KEY FACTS Terminology Typically refers to hepatic Candida abscesses in immunocompromised patients You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

KEY FACTS Terminology Infection of humans caused by larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus or Echinococcus multilocularis You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here