Cause, clinical and ultrasound findings The purpose of the injection is to resolve pain in the hip. The injection is used to confirm the cause of hip pain as coming from the hip rather than the spine. The femoral head and neck are identified by providing a scan plane along the neck in a coronal oblique plane. Hypoechogenic fluid is seen underneath the iliofemoral ligament if…

Cause, clinical and ultrasound findings Trigger finger is the result of stenosing tenosynovitis which may be the result of repeated mechanical use – for example, gripping a hand tool for a long time. It is also associated with rheumatoid arthritis, gout, complications of diabetes and Dupuytren’s contractures. The condition is more common in women than in men and most frequently occurs between the ages of 40…

Cause, clinical and ultrasound findings Inflammatory arthritis or chronic overuse due to occupational or athletic activities may cause tendinopathy or tenosynovitis of the flexor tendons. Pain and palpable swelling occurs at the affected area. The tendon sheath is distended with fluid (tenosynovitis). A hypoechoic appearance is typical, and synovial tissue with or without neovascularity may be seen in and around the tendon (tendinopathy). You’re Reading a…

Cause, clinical and ultrasound findings Reasons for the injection include inflammatory arthritis and osteoarthritis. Functionally limiting pain and swelling should be present. Findings may include hypoechoic fluid and tissue (synovial proliferation) with or without neovascularity bulging out of the joint, bony protrusions (osteophytes) and cortical defects visible in two planes (erosions). You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited…

You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

Cause, clinical and ultrasound findings Reasons for the injection include inflammatory arthritis and osteoarthritis. Functionally limiting pain and swelling should be present. Findings may include hypoechoic fluid and tissue (synovial proliferation) with or without neovascularity bulging out of the joint, bony protrusions (osteophytes) and cortical defects visible in two planes (erosions). You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited…

Cause, clinical and ultrasound findings Ganglia of the wrist are cystic lesions filled with fluid that derive from the degeneration of periarticular or peritendinous soft tissues. The lesions present either as palpable asymptomatic swellings (cosmetic deformity) or as painful or tender masses. Pain results from pressure on the capsule. The occult dorsal ganglion is a small, painful lesion at the dorsal side of the wrist that…

Cause, clinical and ultrasound findings Carpal tunnel syndrome results from compression of the median nerve at the level of the wrist due to abnormal anatomy (thick retinaculum, accessory muscles, etc.), systematic conditions (diabetes, pregnancy, etc.) and space-occupying lesions (flexor tendon tenosynovitis, ganglia, etc.). Symptoms include numbness and burning pain of the thumb, the index and middle fingers and on the radial side of the ring finger;…

Cause, clinical and ultrasound findings Inflammatory arthritis or chronic overuse due to occupational or athletic activities may cause tendinopathy or tenosynovitis of the extensor wrist tendons. Common sites of the disease include compartment I (de Quervain’s tenosynovitis), the compartment I and II intersection area (intersection syndrome) and compartment VI at the level of the ulnar head. Pain and palpable swelling at the affected area may be…

Cause, clinical and ultrasound findings Chronic overuse due to repetitive movements of the thumb (typists, mothers feeding babies) or athletic activities (tennis, golf) may cause tendinopathy of the first compartment extensor wrist tendons. Pain and palpable swelling at the affected area may be observed. Thickening and hypoechogenicity of the extensor retinaculum, enlargement of the tendons, heterogenous/hypoechoic appearance of the tendon and synovial tissue with or without…

Cause, clinical and ultrasound findings Reasons for the injection include inflammatory arthritis and osteoarthritis. Functionally limiting pain and swelling may be present. Findings may include hypoechoic fluid as well as tissue (synovial proliferation) with or without neovascularity bulging out of the joint, bony protrusions (osteophytes) and loss of integrity at the articular surface, visible in two planes (erosions). You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree…

Cause, clinical and ultrasound findings Reasons for the injection include inflammatory arthritis and osteoarthritis. Functionally limiting pain and swelling may be present. Ulnar-sided wrist pain can be referred from this joint. Findings may include hypoechoic fluid and tissue (synovial proliferation) with or without neovascularity bulging out of the joint. You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become…

Cause, clinical and ultrasound findings Compression of the ulnar nerve at the level of the elbow is due to anatomy (thickened Osborne ligament, accessory muscles such as anconeus epitrochlearis), systematic conditions (diabetes, pregnancy, etc.) and space-occupying lesions (ganglia, etc.). Numbness and burning pain in the ring and little fingers may be noted, along with motor deficit and wasting of hypothenar muscles (long-standing cases). Findings include an…

Cause, clinical and ultrasound findings Repetitive use, inflammatory arthritis and injury or infection may cause effusion/synovial proliferation in the bursa. Pain and swelling over the olecranon may be found. Hypoechoic or hyperechoic fluid/synovial proliferation with or without neovascularity and calcifications in the olecranon bursa may be present. You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If…

Cause, clinical and ultrasound findings Inflammatory arthritis, chronic injury or overuse may cause inflammation/microtearing of the common extensor tendon origin. Pain and swelling may occur at the affected area. Hypoechoic areas and clefts with or without neovascularity and calcifications may be found in the common extensor tendon origin. You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership…

Cause, clinical and ultrasound findings Inflammatory arthritis or injury may cause effusion/synovial proliferation. Pain and swelling may be present at the affected area. Hypoechoic fluid/synovial proliferation with or without neovascularity may be present in the elbow joint recesses. You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

Cause, clinical and ultrasound findings Inflammatory arthritis or injury may cause effusion/synovial proliferation. Pain and swelling may be noted at the affected area. Hypoechoic fluid/synovial proliferation may be found with or without neovascularity in the elbow joint recesses. You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

Cause, clinical and ultrasound findings The suprascapular nerve runs through the suprascapular notch, innervating the supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles. The nerve provides sensory innervation to the acromioclavicular joint and glenohumeral joint. The notch may be identified with the probe in the coronal plane just medial to the superior glenoid brim. The nerve is identified as several round hypoechoic bundles within the notch. Suprascapular nerve block is…

Cause, clinical and ultrasound findings The onset of bursitis is mainly from overuse, but it can be associated with trauma. Clinically, it presents with pain on a mixture of both passive and resisted tests. A painful arc in abduction may or may not be present. Pain is felt local to the shoulder but can refer down the arm to the base of the thumb in severe…