In the past decade, the combination of increased computing processing power and technologic improvements in acquisition across all modalities have imparted significant advances in medical imaging, including imaging of the biliary tract and gallbladder. This chapter will review current methods…
Overview Imaging plays a central role in the characterization of liver lesions and detection of liver metastases in patients at risk. As treatment options for patients with metastatic liver disease have proliferated over the past decade (see Chapter 90, Chapter…
Introduction The increased frequency of cross-sectional imaging with improved imaging techniques has resulted in the increased detection of liver lesions. The majority of incidentally discovered liver lesions are benign, even in the oncologic population. , Although ultrasound (US) can be…
Introduction Cross-sectional imaging of the liver, biliary tree, and pancreas can be performed with ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Positron emission tomography (PET) is most often performed in combination with CT (PET-CT) and has more recently…
Introduction The clinical approach to the patient diagnosed with hepatopancreatobiliary (HPB) disease must be systematic without neglecting clinical elements that could prove illuminating in the diagnostic process. The correct interpretation of symptoms and signs could be challenging, demanding great judgment,…
Infections cause significant morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing hepatopancreatobiliary (HPB) surgery. In the era of more extensive resections in elderly comorbid patients with the greater use of perioperative chemoradiotherapy and biliary instrumentation, surgical-site infection (SSI) rates after HPB procedures…
Introduction The immune system manifests two strategies of host defense termed innate and adaptive immunity ( Fig. 10.1 ). Innate immunity refers to the nonspecific first line of defense against danger signals from pathogens or tumor cells. The repertoire of…
Biliary tract cancers First described by Durand-Fardel in 1840, biliary tract tumors arise from cholangiocytes residing in the biliary tree. The biliary tract cancers include intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (IHCC, within the liver; see Chapter 50 ), extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (EHCC, within the…
Pancreatic cancer overview Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA), commonly referred to as “pancreatic cancer” is the fourth most common cause of cancer in both men and women. PDA remains a devastating diagnosis, with an overall survival rate of no greater than…
Overview Tumors of the hepatobiliary (HB) system are among the most challenging tumors to effectively manage in the clinic. At time of diagnosis, only approximately 25% of gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) patients, 30% of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) patients, and 30% of hepatocellular…