Category Pediatric Imaging

Sports Medicine

In the United States, more than than 30 million (approximately one-third) of school-aged children participate in organized sports. Sports-related injuries occur more frequently in the lower extremities compared with the upper extremities. This section will review acute and chronic sports…

Child Abuse

Overview Radiology played a major role in defining child abuse as a medical entity, most notably with the landmark publications by Caffey (1946) and Silverman (1953). Silverman also contributed to Kempe's 1962 paper, “The Battered Child,” which demonstrated the prevalence…

Skeletal Trauma

General Overview The dictum “Children are not small adults” is especially true regarding skeletal trauma. Fracture patterns, fracture healing, and fracture complications differ between children and adults. Fortunately, fracture complications are relatively uncommon. In healthy children, the process of fracture…

Endocrine Disorders

Several endocrine glands have significant effects on skeletal growth, maturation, and modeling, and understanding these effects facilitates correct radiographic interpretation. Renal osteodystrophy is also included in this chapter because of the importance of hyperparathyroidism (HPTH) in its pathophysiology, as are…

Metabolic Bone Disease

Skeletal ossification and mineralization are influenced by many metabolic factors, with sometimes arbitrary distinctions between metabolic bone disorders, endocrine bone disorders, and inherited skeletal dysplasias. Accurate diagnosis is essential because many of these disorders require specific therapy for both their…

Musculoskeletal Infections

Overview of Musculoskeletal Infections Musculoskeletal infections remain a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Historically, the workup and treatment of such infections has been based on clinical grounds supplemented by diagnostic aspiration and subsequent surgical incision and drainage. Today, imaging plays a…