Procedural and diagnostic vascular ultrasound applications are essential in the intensive care unit (ICU). This chapter presents a synopsis of arterial disorders, whereas evaluation of venous thrombosis and ultrasound-guided vascular procedures are presented in Chapter 9, Chapter 10, Chapter 11,…
Overview Neurocritical care patients often require hemodynamic monitoring to optimize cerebral blood flow and brain tissue oxygen delivery. Hemodynamic monitoring also aids in the management of usual coexisting disorders, such as acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS),…
Overview Multipurpose ultrasound systems offer a variety of eye and orbit imaging techniques relevant to critical care. Bedside ocular ultrasound can be used for the following purposes: (1) timely identification of threats to ocular health and vision and prevention of…
Overview As mentioned in preceding chapters, transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasonography is a noninvasive technique that uses low-frequency transducers for real-time evaluation of cerebral arteries in adults and in children with a closed anterior fontanelle. TCD has been increasingly used for…
Overview The role of transcranial color coded Doppler (TCCD) in neurocritical monitoring has been illustrated in previous chapters. We will here focus on its use as a confirmatory test in the diagnosis of brain death (BD). The concept of death…
Overview The management of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) and its accompanying sequelae integrates transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasonography for the surveillance of the emergence and course of vasospasm (VS) and delayed cerebral ischemia. TCD surveillance of patients after aSAH has been…
Overview In 1982, Aaslid et al authored a paper with the title “Noninvasive transcranial Doppler ultrasound recording of flow velocity in basal cerebral arteries,” describing the successful insonation and blood flow velocity (FV) measurement of the basal cerebral arteries with…
Christian Doppler was born in Salzburg, Austria on November 29, 1803 and lived a short and deprived life, like many scientists of his time. In an 1842 session of the Science Section of the Royal Bohemian Society in Prague, he…
Introduction Positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MRI) is an innovative imaging technology that simultaneously acquires PET and MRI, allowing the integration of sensitive metabolic and functional information with precise structural and anatomical characterization of tissues ( ). PET/MRI has shown…
Abbreviations ADC apparent diffusion coefficient AUC area under the curve CAPIRINHA Controlled aliasing in parallel imaging results in higher acceleration CD Crohn disease CE contrast-enhanced CRC colorectal cancer CT computed tomography DWI diffusion-weighted imaging EUS endoscopic ultrasound FDG [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose FSE…