Synonyms/Description Tubal, cornual, cervical, ovarian, or abdominal pregnancy/ectopic Etiology An ectopic pregnancy is a pregnancy that occurs as a result of implantation of a fertilized ovum outside the endometrial cavity. Ectopic pregnancy occurs in approximately 1.5% to 2.0% of gestations…
Synonyms/Description Malignant germ cell tumor diagnosed predominantly in young adults ages 20 to 30. The most common benign germ cell tumor is the mature teratoma, commonly called a dermoid cyst (see Dermoid Cyst ). Etiology Primitive germ cell tumors include…
Synonyms/Description Mature cystic teratoma Etiology This is a benign germ cell tumor containing ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm, thought to arise from a single germ cell. Components may include hair, teeth, fat, and bone. These tumors represent 25% of all ovarian…
Synonyms/Description Benign ovarian tumor that arises from surface epithelium and underlying cortical connective tissue of the ovary. Etiology These are rare benign ovarian tumors representing less than 2% of benign ovarian neoplasms. Originally thought to be fibrous variants of cystadenomas…
Synonyms/Description Simple cyst Clear ovarian cyst Etiology A simple ovarian cyst is a clear, thin-walled, unilocular cyst. Premenopausal Simple cysts up to 3 cm in maximal diameter are considered normal physiologic follicles in cycling women, and thus should not be…
Synonyms/Description Functional cyst (corpus luteum) No synonym for hemorrhagic cyst Etiology The corpus luteum (CL) is a transient structure formed as a result of ovulation, due to the midcycle luteinizing hormone surge from the pituitary gland. The CL is responsible…
Synonyms/Description Uterine dehiscence Etiology Cesarean sections (C-sections) are performed in the United States at the rate of 20% to 50% of deliveries depending on clinical environment and demographics. The C-section scar is readily visible sonographically in the nonpregnant uterus as…
Synonyms/Description None Etiology Cervical cancer accounts for the majority of cervical malignancies and is second to breast cancer in incidence worldwide. Approximately 85% to 95% of cervical cancers are squamous cell carcinomas and develop at the squamous-columnar junction. Adenocarcinomas represent…
Synonyms/Description Transitional cell tumor of the ovary Typically asymptomatic, rare, benign ovarian tumor Etiology These tumors account for approximately 3.2% of ovarian epithelial neoplasms and typically occur in the fourth to sixth decades of life. They belong to the combined…
Synonyms/Description Pelvic masses related to bowel such as appendicitis, endometriosis, colon cancer, Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, diverticulitis, lymphoma, sarcoma, or other bowel-specific diseases identified on a pelvic ultrasound Etiology There are multiple etiologies in this grouping of bowel diseases. The…