Abbreviations AIH autoimmune hepatitis AMR antibody-mediated rejection BMI body mass index cAMR chronic antibody-mediated rejection CMV cytomegalovirus DAA direct-acting antivirus DCD donation after (cardiac) circulatory death DSA donor-specific EBV Epstein-Barr virus FCH fibrosing cholestatic hepatitis HBcAg hepatitis B core antigen…
Abbreviations AIH autoimmune hepatitis ALD alcoholic liver disease ALF acute liver failure AST aspartate aminotransferase CDC Center of Disease Control and Prevention CI calcineurin inhibitor CKD chronic kidney disease CMV cytomegalovirus Cr creatinine DAA direct-acting antiviral DCD donation after cardiac…
Abbreviations CK cytokeratin a a Although the prefix CK is widely used in surgical pathology to designate human cytokeratins, consensus nomenclature recommends the replacement of “cytokeratin” with “keratin” and the prefix “CK” with “K.” (Schweizer J, Bowden PE, Coulombe PA,…
Abbreviations AFP alpha fetoprotein ATRT atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor COG Children’s Oncology Group CT computed tomography E-HB epithelial hepatoblastoma EMT epithelial-mesenchymal transitional EpCAM epithelial cell adhesion molecule FGFR fibroblast growth factor receptor FLC fibrolamellar carcinoma FNH focal nodular hyperplasia GPOH German…
Abbreviations CA cancer antigen CC cholangiocarcinoma CEA carcinoembryonic antigen CT computed tomography HCC hepatocellular carcinoma HCC-CC hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma ICC intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma IPMN intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm IPNB intraductal papillary neoplasm of bile duct K a keratin a Although the prefix CK…
Abbreviations AFB1 aflatoxin B1 AFP alpha fetoprotein CEA carcinoembryonic antigen DN dysplastic nodule FL-HCC fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma GPC3 glypican 3 HBV hepatitis B virus HCA hepatocellular adenoma HCC hepatocellular carcinoma HCV hepatitis C virus HepPar-1 hepatocyte paraffin-1 K keratin a…
Abbreviations ANGPT angiopoietin b-HCA β-catenin–activated HCA b-IHCA β-catenin–activated inflammatory HCA CEUS contrast-enhanced ultrasound CRP C-reactive protein FNH focal nodular hyperplasia GS glutamine synthetase H&E hematoxylin and eosin HBP hepatobiliary phase HCA hepatocellular adenoma HCC hepatocellular carcinoma H-HCA HNF1α-inactivated HCA HNF1α…
Abbreviations AASLD American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases AFP alpha-fetoprotein APASL Asian Pacific Association for Studies of the Liver CT computed tomography CHC clathrin heavy chain DF dysplastic foci DN dysplastic nodule EASL European Association for the Study…
Abbreviations DIC disseminated intravascular coagulopathy EHPVO extrahepatic portal vein obstruction GSTM1 glutathione S-transferase M1 gene HELLP hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes and low platelets MRI magnetic resonance imaging NRH nodular regenerative hyperplasia SAAG serum-ascites albumin gradient VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor…
Molecular Physiology of Bile Formation and Secretion Marwan Ghabril, MD Bile is ubiquitous to almost all known vertebrate species. It is a complex aqueous but lipid rich solution composed of water, electrolytes, and a number of organic molecules including bile acids,…