Myxoid tumors of soft tissue are remarkable for their characteristic abundant extracellular matrix material. This heterogeneous group of lesions includes benign (and self-limited) tumors, those with a significant potential for local recurrence, and sarcomas. Because there is considerable clinical and…
Spindle cell tumors in children and adolescents encompass a wide range of benign, intermediate, and malignant neoplasms, with the predominant phenotypic category being fibroblastic-myofibroblastic tumors. The most frequent spindle cell sarcomas of childhood include spindle cell and embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS),…
Numerous primary tumors and pseudotumors of soft tissues contain a variable number of spindle cells. In this chapter the authors will discuss only those lesions composed exclusively or predominantly of spindle cells that develop in adult patients and for which…
Biologic Potential Among the most important reasons for the accurate classification of soft tissue tumors is the communication of clinical behavior (i.e., assignment into a managerial category). The vast majority of soft tissue tumors can be classified as either benign…
Tumor Classification Soft tissue tumors have traditionally been classified according to line of differentiation—that is, which normal cell type the neoplastic cells most closely resemble. Such a “lineage” can often be assigned based on a combination of histologic appearances, patterns…
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Mesothelioma Clinical findings in pleural mesothelioma The World Health Organization (WHO) defines mesothelioma as a malignant neoplasm arising from the mesothelial cells lining the body cavity surfaces and growing in a diffuse or, less commonly, localized invasive fashion. About 90%…
Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer death in the United States, with 236,000 new cases estimated annually and 130,180 estimated deaths (about 350 deaths per day). Benign and borderline malignant tumors of the lung are far outnumbered by…
There is a limited group of pulmonary lesions that one can classify as pseudoneoplastic, but their conditions constitute a significant aggregation in absolute numbers. Some are categorized as malformative or reactive, including pulmonary hamartomas (PHs); selected inflammatory pseudotumors (IPTs) (plasma…
The most common pulmonary neoplasm is a metastasis from outside the lungs. Based on autopsy data, the lungs are involved by metastases in 25% to 55% of malignant diseases. In up to 25% of those cases, the pulmonary parenchyma and…