General Features ( Figs. 18.1–18.8 ) ■ Tumors that spread to the ovary have been referred to as secondary (those spreading directly from adjacent sites) or metastatic (those spreading from distant sites), but all tumors that spread from outside the…
Small Cell Carcinoma of Hypercalcemic Type Clinical features ▪ This tumor (SCCH) is the most common undifferentiated ovarian carcinoma in women <40 years of age. The age range has been 7 months to 44 years, with a peak from 18–30…
Sex Cord–Stromal Tumors ▪ These tumors (SCSTs), which account for ~5% of all primary ovarian tumors, are classified primarily on the basis of the constituent recognizable cell types ( Table 16.1 ): granulosa and theca cells, Sertoli cells, Leydig cells,…
General features ▪ Germ cell tumors ( Table 15.1 ) account for 30% of primary ovarian tumors; 95% are dermoid cysts (mature cystic teratomas). Table 15.1 Classification of germ cell tumors of the ovary Primitive germ cell tumors (nonteratomatous) Dysgerminoma…
Endometrioid Epithelial Tumors General features ■ Most endometrioid tumors are epithelial and account for about 3% of all ovarian tumors. Endometrioid carcinomas account for 10–15% of ovarian carcinomas and at least 50% of stage I carcinomas. Endometrioid stromal sarcomas, mesodermal…
General Features of Epithelial Ovarian Tumors Approach to Ovarian Tumor Diagnosis ( Tables 13.1 and 13.2 ) As this is the first chapter considering ovarian tumors, some remarks concerning their evaluation are appropriate. Most of these comments are basic and…
Follicular Lesions Follicle Cyst Clinical features ■ Solitary follicle cysts (FCs) are most common in nonpregnant women of reproductive age, particularly around the menarche and menopause and are likely due to abnormal pituitary gonadotropin secretion, such as an FSH-secreting pituitary…
Tumor-Like Lesions of the Fallopian Tube Inflammatory Lesions Usual Bacterial Salpingitis ( Figs. 11.1–11.6 ) ■ Bacterial salpingitis, an important cause of infertility, is usually a result of ascending sexually transmitted infections ( Neisseria gonorrhoeae , Chlamydia trachomatis , mycoplasma).…
Trophoblastic Lesions ■ The WHO classification of gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) and the TNM and FIGO classifications of gestational trophoblastic tumors are presented in Tables 10.1–10.4 . Table 10.1 Types of gestational trophoblastic disease With villi Hydatidiform mole Complete mole…
Smooth Muscle Tumors Leiomyoma, Usual Type Clinical features ▪ Leiomyomas are the most common uterine tumor, being found in up to 75% of hysterectomy specimens. They are most common in the fourth and fifth decades; only about a third of…