■ Ossifying Fibroma Ossifying fibroma is a benign neoplasm that falls in to the broader category of benign fibro-osseous lesions (BFOLs). All BFOLs are characterized by the replacement of native bone by fibrous and mineralized tissues and are grouped together…
■ Osteomyelitis Osteomyelitis (osteitis) is an inflammatory or infectious process in the marrow cavities of the bone. It may be either acute or chronic. There are many classification schemes, including composition of the infiltrate (acute, subacute, chronic, granulomatous), infectious agent…
■ Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma Clinical Features Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) is the most common malignant salivary gland tumor (12% to 29%). Over half of all cases involve major glands, particularly the parotid ( Fig. 13.1 ). Other sites include the mouth, particularly…
▪ Pleomorphic Adenoma Pleomorphic adenoma (PA), also called benign mixed tumor or mixed tumor, is a benign salivary gland neoplasm composed of ductal epithelial and myoepithelial cell proliferations set within a mesenchymal stroma. This tumor displays remarkable histomorphologic diversity, including…
■ Developmental Lesions, Including Heterotopia and Oncocytosis Salivary glands are composed of three paired major glands—the parotid, submandibular, and sublingual—and approximately 1000 minor seromucous glands that are distributed throughout the sinonasal tract, oral cavity, pharynx, larynx, and lower respiratory tract.…
▪ Squamous Cell Carcinoma Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) arises not only from the surface epithelium of the oropharynx but also from the tonsillar crypts. It is steadily increasing in incidence due to high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV), and HPV-positive oropharyngeal SCC…
▪ Squamous Cell Carcinoma Clinical Features Squamous Cell Carcinoma—Disease Fact Sheet Definition ▪ A malignant neoplasm arising from the mucosal epithelium of the oral cavity ▪ Related to incidence and location ▪ Most common malignancy of the oral cavity (>…
■ Fibroma The term fibroma, unless further qualified (e.g., ossifying fibroma, ameloblastic fibroma), refers to a localized proliferation of fibrous connective tissue in response to tissue irritation. As such, oral fibromas are reactive in nature, with some advocating the use…
■ Fordyce Granules Clinical Features Fordyce granules are considered benign ectopic sebaceous glands (not associated with hair follicles) that occur on the oral mucosa. A normal variant, they are reported in up to 80% of adults, most commonly on the…
▪ Precursor Squamous Lesions Precursor lesions are difficult to define because they have an increased likelihood of progressing to squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). A constellation of architectural and cytologic features constitute dysplasia, but these features are not uniformly accepted or…