Introduction Soft lenses were introduced initially in the early 1970s and now are the most prescribed lens type worldwide, used by 80–90% of contact lens patients ( ). Over the past 45 years there have been numerous improvements in materials…
Introduction With the advent of inexpensive, easy-to-fit hydrophilic lenses, some practitioners have abandoned the art of rigid gas permeable (RGP) lens fitting. However, there are many reasons why practitioners attempting to fit contact lenses with any degree of seriousness should…
Contact lens practitioners have a range of instrumentation available to them with which they can assess the anterior eye for its suitability to wear or continue to wear lenses, and with which they determine the most appropriate lenses to be…
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Most contact lenses fitted nowadays are soft as there is such a wide range of parameters available, including toric and multifocal, and made in materials that can be used for all wear modalities. This allows more patients with differing requirements…
The quality of the tear film covering the anterior surface of the eye is critically important when considering the challenges of contact lens wear. Contact lens discomfort and dryness are the most common reasons for reduced lens wearing times and…
Effective care and maintenance of contact lenses is central to the safety and success of contact lens wear ( , ). Ineffective and noncompliant lens care are two of many reasons for cessation of wear contributing to the number of…
Current anatomical literature has widely adopted the terminology recommended by the and published in Terminologia Anatomica (1998). More than 100 years ago it was recognised that eponyms are not descriptive and that more uniform anatomical terms should be developed to…
Introduction An overview of factors that influenced materials development To appreciate the current spectrum of commercial contact lens materials and their structural variations, it is useful to summarise briefly the way in which materials have developed over time. Accounts of…
Introduction * Updated for the 6th edition by Timothy J Bowden and Jacqueline Lamb from previous work by Anthony Sabell The development of contact lenses is long and complex, starting mainly in Germany and then moving across Europe to the…