Key Points The differential of hepatobiliary conditions is extensive in pregnancy and includes pregnancy-related disorders in addition to disorders unrelated to pregnancy. Indeed, several clinical syndromes are unique to pregnancy, such as intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy and acute fatty liver…
Key Points SLE is the most common serious autoimmune disease that affects women of reproductive age. SLE disease activity at the onset of pregnancy is the most important determinant of the course of the disease in pregnancy. Women with SLE…
Key Points VTE is a leading cause of mortality and serious morbidity in pregnant women, with a prevalence of 1 per 1000 to 1 per 2000 pregnancies; the greatest risk of fatal PE occurs following CDs. Inherited and acquired thrombophilias…
Key Points Four percent of pregnancies will be complicated by maternal platelet counts of less than 150,000/mm 3 . The vast majority of these patients have gestational thrombocytopenia with a benign course and need no intervention. Surgical bleeding occurs if…
Key Points About 30% of prolactin-secreting macroadenomas enlarge significantly during pregnancy. Dopamine agonists can be used safely for the treatment of prolactinomas if stopped when pregnancy is diagnosed. In patients with acromegaly, the risks of gestational diabetes and hypertension are…
Key Points Hyperthyroidism due to Graves disease needs to be differentiated in the first trimester of pregnancy from the syndrome of gestational thyrotoxicosis. Recent reports indicate increased risk for liver failure with the use of PTU; it is recommended that…
Key Points Behavioral modification of diet or diet plus exercise can decrease excessive gestational weight gain in obese women. Weight gain in pregnancy should be based on pregravid BMI and should follow the Institute of Medicine recommendations. Obese women should…
Key Points Pregnancy has been characterized as a diabetogenic state because of increased postprandial glucose levels in late gestation. Both hepatic and peripheral (tissue) insulin sensitivity are reduced in normal pregnancy. As a result, a progressive increase in insulin secretion…
Key Points Asymptomatic bacteriuria complicates 5% to 7% of pregnancies. If left untreated, it will result in symptomatic urinary tract infections in 40% of women. Pyelonephritis complicates 1% to 2% of pregnancies and generally requires inpatient treatment. Women with glomerular…
Key Points Pneumonia is the most common nonobstetric infectious cause of maternal mortality, and more than 40% of pneumonia cases are complicated by preterm delivery. Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common bacterial pathogen associated with pneumonia during pregnancy. To treat…