Acknowledgments This work was partially supported by grants from the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) including 5R01 NS083405 and 5R01 NS084857 and 5T32 NS077889 and with funds from the Kentucky Spinal Cord & Head Injury Research Trust.…
Leukotrienes The 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) pathway mediates the production of leukotrienes, a class of potent inflammatory lipid mediators made in leuko cytes that contain a conjugated triene as part of their structure. The biosynthesis of leukotrienes is under strict control (for…
Traumatic Brain Injury The most recent reports from the Centers for Disease control estimate that over 3.2 million individuals experience a traumatic brain injury (TBI) annually in the United States, with well over 5.3 million patients reporting injury-induced chronic disability…
Acknowledgments We wish to acknowledge the expert operators of the LFP model system and TBI assays, Drs. Ahmar Ayub, Betul Cam, Huadong Zeng, and Thian Ng. Thanks go to Dr. Candace Floyd of the UAB Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department…
Introduction Paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity (PSH) is a dysautonomic syndrome characterized by paroxysmal and episodic increases in sympathetic and motor activity ( ). PSH occurs after severe acquired brain injury of diverse etiology, and core clinical features of PSH include tachycardia,…
Introduction Since the identification of the gas nitric oxide (NO) as the endothelial-derived relaxing factor, NO has increasingly been recognized as being involved in numerous physiological and pathophysiological processes, in particular those related to inflammation and blood flow. NO can…
Background Introduction Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of disability throughout the world ( ). An estimated 3.2–5.3 million Americans (1.1–1.7%) live with long-term mental and/or physical impairments as a result of TBIs ( ). Due to an…
Acknowledgments The work in this chapter was supported in part by grants to J. Marc Simard from the Department of Veterans Affairs (Baltimore, MD), the Department of the Army (W81XWH 1010898), the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (HL082517), and…
Introduction Statins are a widely used class of medications which are inhibitory analogs of the enzyme β-hydroxy-β-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG CoA) reductase. While very extensively used for treatment of hyperlipidemia and in the prevention of cardiovascular disease, their application to…
Acknowledgments This work was supported by Henry Jackson Foundation Award Number: 306135-7.01-60855 (USU Site No. G192JI), by the Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine at the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, and by the National Institutes of Health,…