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Part 1 Unlike in the cervix and vagina, cytology plays little role in the diagnosis of vulvar disease. Because the vulva is clearly visible and easily magnified with the aid of a colposcope, suspicious changes are easily observed as areas…
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Vaginal stricture may occur secondary to inflammatory conditions of the vagina, vaginal surgery, episiotomy repair, or radiotherapy. The surgical approach to the stenosis depends on its anatomic location, underlying cause, and severity. For introital or vaginal stenosis, the procedure can…
Labial Fusion/Agglutination Filmy adhesions of the labia can be a common finding in the newborn and are usually left alone. Fusion of the labia is commonly associated with congenital adrenal hyperplasia, and further evaluation and testing may be warranted, especially…
Under normal circumstances, the vagina does not contain any glands. However, when the condition of adenosis exists (i.e., occurs spontaneously or as the result of antenatal diethylstilbestrol [DES] exposure), mucosal and submucosal mucus-secreting glands may be identified ( Fig. 58.1A…
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