See also Factor Xa inhibitors, direct General information Apixaban is a follow-up compound with high oral systemic availability (50–85%) and a half-life of about 12 hours. Apixaban is cleared through renal (25%) and fecal routes and is given twice daily.…
See also Herbal medicines General information There are about 100 genera in the family of Apiaceae (formerly Umbelliferae), including a variety of spices and vegetables, such as angelica, anise, carrot, celery, chervil, coriander, cumin, dill, fennel, parsley, and parsnip (…
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See also Hymenoptera venoms General information Antivenoms (also called antivenins) have been developed against a variety of venomous creatures, including rattlesnakes, scorpions, and snakes. Scorpion antivenom There are over 1700 species of scorpions worldwide, of which those in the Buthidae…
See also individual agents General information Antituberculosis drugs are classified as first-line and second-line.First-line drugs are ethambutol, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, and rifampicin; streptomycin, once first-line, is no longer used. Second-line drugs are capreomycin, clofazimine, cycloserine, ethionamide and propionamide, fluoroquinolones, kanamycin, para-aminosalicylic…
General information Antithymocyte globulin is a polyclonal antibody directed against T lymphocyte surface antigens. It is used as an induction immunosuppressant and for treatment of acute rejection after transplantation. Major adverse effects include sensitization, fever, nausea, anaphylactic reactions, and higher…
General information Antithrombin III is a small glycoprotein anticoagulant that inactivates several enzymes of the coagulation system and accounts for most of the antithrombin activity in plasma and also inhibits other proteolytic enzymes. It circulates in the plasma and inactivates…
General information Antimony is a brittle, bluish-white, metallic element (symbol Sb; atomic no 51). The symbol Sb comes from the Latin word stibium. Antimony is found in such minerals as dyscrasite, jamesonite, kermesite, pyrargyrite, stephanite, tetrahedrite, and zinkenite. The Arabic…
See also individual agents General information Histamine is both a local hormone and a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. It is synthesized in neurons and mast cells. There are H 1 , H 2 , and H 3 receptors…
See also Antifungal azoles [for systemic use] General Information All the topically used azoles can cause local irritation, burning, and, if used intravaginally, burning, swelling, and discomfort during micturition. There is cross-sensitivity between econazole, enilconazole, miconazole, and probably all other…