Introduction Breast cancer is a major public health concern and a relevant mortality issue in young women worldwide [ ]. Mammary tumors are extremely heterogeneous at the histological, molecular, and systemic levels. To handle such variability, oncology researchers and clinicians…
Introduction Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer in women worldwide, and despite tremendous research efforts, it remains the second leading cause of cancer-related mortalities among women ( ). According to the 2018 GLOBOCAN report, over 2 million new…
List of abbreviations 2-DG 2-Deoxyglucose 2-FDG 2-Fludeoxyglucose 3D Three direct-acting antivirals ABC7 Adjuvant for breast cancer treatment using seven repurposed drugs ABCG2 ATP-binding cassette superfamily G member 2 ADH Alcohol dehydrogenase ADRB Adrenoreceptor beta ALDH Aldehyde dehydrogenase AMP Adenosine monophosphate…
List of abbreviations ABPP Activity-based protein profiling ADR Adverse drug reactions AI Artificial intelligence AML Acute myeloid leukemia ANN Artificial neural networks ATC Anatomical therapeutic classification AUC Area under curve AUROC Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve BBB Brain–blood…
Introduction The 2018 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to two researchers for their discovery of immune checkpoint proteins [ ]. Although the discovery initiated the development of the revolutionary targeted immunotherapies, critical challenges remain to be addressed,…
Acknowledgments The authors are thankful to OpenEye Scientific Software, Santa Fe, NM, USA, for providing access to free academic evaluation license. SC acknowledges the financial support by Department of Science and Technology, Government of India toward her research through DST-INSPIRE…
Acknowledgments The authors wish to thank Andrea Leurs, KU Leuven, for assistance with the preparation of the data on drug repurposing clinical trials. Introduction It incumbent upon us to seek new therapeutic options for cancer patients wherever they may be…
Historical Perspective The seminal work of Pauling and colleagues on the properties of hemoglobin S provided the basis for a hypothesis that heralded the concept of “molecular medicine.” Indeed, sickle cell anemia a a SCD includes various genotypes, whereas Hb…
Introduction Injury is common. Small hospitals have emergency rooms, which deal with a spectrum of injuries, but intensive care of the most severely injured is highly centralized, taking place chiefly in regional trauma centers. It has been estimated that in…
Paradoxical embolization describes the passage of material, typically thrombus, from venous circulation into the systemic arterial circulation via a shunt. Presence of a right-to-left shunt is often the result of an atrial cardiac defect. In 1877, Dr. Julius Cohnheim, a…