Atheroembolism is a rare but serious disorder with significant morbidity from stroke, renal failure, and limb loss. This systemic disorder affects multiple organs and carries a high mortality rate. Atheroembolism can be a single event or recurrent. It can occur…
Nontraumatic, acute occlusion of arterial supply to a limb or organ presents with a constellation of symptoms specific to the tissue suddenly deprived of arterial perfusion. Irrespective of the arterial segment involved, this syndrome represents a vascular emergency. Irreversible organ…
Kawasaki disease (KD), initially described by Dr. Tomisaku Kawasaki in 1967, is an acute systemic vasculitis of uncertain etiology that predominantly affects infants and young children. The disease has been described worldwide and occurs in all populations. The acute illness…
Thromboangiitis obliterans (TAO) describes a segmental, nonatherosclerotic inflammatory disorder that primarily involves the small and medium arteries, veins, and nerves of the extremities. Although TAO was initially thought to be a disease confined exclusively to men, epidemiologic studies demonstrate a…
Medium vessel vasculitis Polyarteritis Nodosa Polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) is a medium vessel vasculitis affecting the main visceral arteries and their branches. The 2012 International Chapel Hill Consensus Conference (CHCC) defines PAN as a necrotizing arteritis of medium and small arteries…
Acknowledgment The authors acknowledge Dr. Kathleen Maksimowicz-McKinnon and Dr. Gary S. Hoffman for their contributions to parts of this chapter in an earlier edition of this textbook. Large vessel vasculitis refers to a group of diseases involving inflammation of the…
The vasculitides are a group of rare diseases linked by the pathological consequences of vascular inflammation, including bleeding, ischemia, and infarction of downstream organs ( Box 39.1 ). However, the clinical spectrum of these diseases is wide ranging and includes…
The surgical treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) dates back centuries. Some of the initial approaches involved techniques similar, in some fashion, to modern endovascular techniques. In 1684, Moore reported on the use of large quantities of wire placed intraluminally…
Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) remain a leading cause of death in the elderly. In the United States, ruptured AAAs are the 15th leading cause of death overall and the 10th leading cause of death in men older than age 55.…
The vast majority of aortic aneurysms are asymptomatic, accounting for a much higher disease prevalence than hospitalization and mortality statistics would suggest (see Chapter 35 ). These data underscore the central challenge in aortic aneurysmal disease: a common clinical problem…