Epidemiology The American Burn Association curates an extensive range of statistics submitted by participating burn centers in addition to information derived from federal and state registries. The National Burn Repository is a comprehensive data set that depicts thermal injury patterns…
Introduction Trauma is the forceful disruption of bodily homeostasis that affects physical, psychological, and family functioning, and it remains one of the most common pediatric public health problems worldwide, killing more than 900,000 children each year ( ; ). According…
Introduction Anesthesia for conjoined twins may range from a very straightforward pediatric anesthetic procedure to one of the most daunting and challenging procedures faced by any pediatric anesthesiologist. This rare but fascinating congenital problem is of considerable importance to anesthesiologists.…
Organ donor management Pediatric brain death International guidelines have been developed that define death as “the permanent loss of capacity for consciousness and all brainstem functions, as a consequence of permanent cessation of circulation or catastrophic brain injury,” with permanent…
Introduction Uncorrected ophthalmic problems can impair child development, interfere with learning, and even lead to permanent vision loss, so early detection and treatment are critical ( ). An examination under anesthesia (EUA) is often necessary for diagnosis, especially in infants…
Introduction Anesthesia for pediatric orthopedic surgery encompasses the entire age and medical spectrum of pediatrics—the newborn through adolescent, the otherwise normal, the critically ill, the chronically ill, the child with multiple complex congenital anomalies, the traumatically injured, and the “frequent…
Introduction Plastic and reconstructive surgery for the pediatric patient can involve any part of the body and includes children with a variety of pathologies related to coexisting diseases and syndromes. This may require surgery on the face, skull, thorax, and…
Introduction Anesthesia for procedures of the head and neck, while not always complicated surgeries, may be challenging because of the underlying pathology and the shared airway. Airway protection is paramount, and otolaryngology head and neck surgeons understand this better than…
Introduction A thorough preoperative assessment of the patient’s physical examination and history, along with appropriate laboratory evaluation as indicated, is essential. Many of these patients will present for emergency surgery and present a potential risk for aspiration of gastric contents.…
Introduction Thoracic surgery in children is performed for a wide variety of congenital, neoplastic, infectious, and traumatic lesions ( Box 32.1 ). The patient may be a few hours old with a congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation (CCAM, also commonly referred…