Basal Cell Carcinoma Description ■ Basal cell carcinoma is a skin cancer derived from the basal layer of keratinocytes of the epidermis. ■ It is the most common cutaneous malignancy and most common cancer in humans. ■ If left untreated,…
Seborrheic Keratosis Description ■ A seborrheic keratosis is a common, benign, persistent epidermal lesion with variable clinical appearance. ■ It is one of the most common benign growths seen on the skin. ■ These keratoses have multiple clinical variations and…
Sun-Damaged Skin, Actinic-Damaged Skin, and Photoaging Description ■ Sun-damaged skin is easily recognizable and shows specific skin findings, resulting from damage due to ultraviolet radiation (UVR). History ■ Acute exposure to UVR results in sunburn and is especially caused by…
Lupus Erythematosus General Description ■ Cutaneous lupus erythematosus is a disease with a wide spectrum of manifestations ranging from solitary chronic skin lesions in chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CCLE), to widespread polymorphous lesions in subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus (SCLE), to…
Dermatitis Herpetiformis Description ■ Dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) is a chronic pruritic vesicular rash commonly occurring on the extensor surfaces and is a manifestation of gluten sensitivity. History ■ In adults, DH is twice as common in males. ■ In children,…
Scabies Description ■ Scabies is a parasitic infestation of the skin caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis. ■ It is characterized by an intensely pruritic eruption and may be the etiology of “the 7-year itch.” History ■ Patients…
Erythema Multiforme Description ■ Erythema multiforme is a relatively common, acute—often recurrent—inflammatory disease characterized by target-shaped skin lesions. History ■ Commonly, erythema multiforme is associated with herpes simplex, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, and upper respiratory tract infections, although erythema multiforme may be…
Nonspecific Viral Rash Description ■ An exanthem is a rash that occurs as a sign of a systemic disease. A viral exanthem is a rash that arises because of a viral infection. ■ Most viruses produce similar rashes, leading to…
Candidiasis (Moniliasis) Description ■ Candida albicans and a few other Candida species are capable of producing skin and mucous membrane infections. ■ The organism lives among the normal flora of the mouth, vaginal tract, and lower gastrointestinal tract. ■ Candida…
Warts (Verruca Vulgaris) Description ■ Warts are benign epidermal proliferations caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, a double-stranded DNA virus, which infects skin and mucous membranes. ■ There are more than 150 different types of HPV. New subtypes are defined…