Urology is the surgical specialty that focuses on the diagnosis and management of conditions and diseases of the genitourinary system in adults and children and of the reproductive system in the male. Of the surgical subspecialties, urology shares the most…
Acknowledgements The authors would like to acknowledge the literature research and editorial assistance of Alexandra M. Iavorovschi in completing this chapter and Dr. Sarah Chen for making the illustrations for this chapter. The Birth of a New Surgical Specialty Not…
The pregnant patient presents a unique clinical challenge for the general surgeon. About 7% of pregnancies are complicated by nonobstetric surgical problems, and an estimated 1 in 500 pregnancies will need an operation for nonpregnancy-related issues. Table 72.1 is adapted…
Gynecologic procedures are among the most frequent surgical procedures done in the world. It behooves any surgeon to be familiar with the anatomy of the female reproductive tract and pelvis and with the most common gynecologic surgical diseases and procedures…
This chapter describes the broad scope of hand surgery. It emphasizes core knowledge that is important to general surgeons. The origins of this important subspecialty are rooted within general surgery. It is a regional specialty bringing together general, plastic, and…
Challenged by complex clinical problems, the pace of innovation in plastic surgery has accelerated steadily during the past 30 years. The specialty benefits from the absence of anatomic or organ system boundaries and from the collaboration with other surgical specialists.…
Neurosurgery is defined as surgery of the brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves, and their supporting structures, including the blood supply, protective elements, spinal fluid spaces, bony cranium, and spine. This chapter is intended for nonneurosurgeons who want to initiate a…
Despite the ever-evolving field of pediatric surgery, it remains the last bastion of true general surgery. Pediatric surgical conditions span prenatal (fetal) and neonatal to adolescent and young adult age groups. Pediatric surgeons must assess and manage a wide spectrum…
Embryology and Anatomy The primordial lymphatic system is first seen during the sixth week of development in the form of lymph sacs located next to the jugular veins. During the eighth week, the cisterna chyli forms just dorsal to the…
An understanding of venous physiology provides the surgeon with valuable information with which to formulate a diagnostic and treatment plan. Technologic advances have broadened the therapeutic armamentarium. This chapter provides the reader with a thorough overview of the physiology and…