Most urologic procedures are simple surgical repairs in healthy children and are performed on an outpatient basis. Some children require complex repairs, and it helps to understand the repair to tailor the anesthetic technique. Circumcision Children beyond the newborn period…
In this chapter we review plastic surgery procedures that pose a wide range of perioperative challenges for the anesthesiologist, including difficult airway management, significant intraoperative blood loss, and comorbidities secondary to an underlying genetic syndrome. We also review considerations for…
This chapter covers general considerations for ophthalmologic procedures in children, specific anesthetic considerations for the more commonly performed pediatric ophthalmologic procedures, and several unique anesthetic complications that occur in pediatric ophthalmologic procedures. Although the vast majority of children presenting for…
Pediatric neurosurgical patients present a unique set of anesthetic challenges that include treatment of increased intracranial pressure (ICP), the frequent use of lateral and prone positions, and the anesthetic implications of neurophysiologic monitoring. These and other considerations for the neurosurgical…
Musculoskeletal Trauma General Considerations Whether via monkey bar falls or trampoline accidents, children often find a way into the operating room for the treatment of musculoskeletal injuries. Approximately 40% of boys and 25% of girls will have at least one…
Anesthetic care for pediatric thoracic surgery covers a wide range of ages, concomitant disease processes, and surgical pathology. The clinical scenario ranges from an elective, outpatient procedure on an otherwise healthy patient to an emergent procedure in a neonate with…
In this chapter, we review principles of anesthetic management of some common and unique surgical procedures that are within the purview of the general pediatric surgeon. The first section contains a discussion of concerns for intraabdominal procedures, especially in neonates…
Anesthesia for ENT surgery is one of the most challenging because of the frequency of airway obstruction in infants and small children and requisite sharing of the airway that is often at a distance from the anesthesiologist. The trainee must…
Malignant hyperthermia (MH) is a serious and possibly fatal syndrome of skeletal muscle hypermetabolism and calcium dysregulation that occurs when genetically susceptible individuals are exposed to certain anesthetic “triggering” agents- the potent halogenated inhaled volatile anesthetics and the nondepolarizing neuromuscular…
Nearly all regional anesthetic blocks in children are performed while they are anesthetized because conscious or sedated children will not cooperate sufficiently to ensure their safety. The main disadvantage of this approach is the theoretical injury of a nerve that…